Endogenous event-related potentials in obsessive-compulsive disorder

Towey, James; Bruder, Gerard E.; Hollander, Eric; Friedman, David; Erhan, Hulya M.; Liebowitz, Michael R.; Sutton, Samuel

doi:10.1016/0006-3223(90)90626-d

Cited by 85 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…This may be consistent with "processing negativity" which occurs during selective attention in early (100-300 ms) and late (300-500 ms) phases (Näätänen, 1982) and in the current context may denote cortical hyperarousal or overfocused attention (J. Towey, et al, 1990) in both OCD and panic disorder.…”

Section: Other Between-group Differencessupporting

confidence: 72%

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Electrophysiology of facilitation priming in obsessive–compulsive and panic disorders

Thomas

Gonsalvez

Johnstone

2016

Clinical Neurophysiology

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Objective: Repeated experience with stimuli often primes faster, more efficient neuronal and behavioural responses. Exaggerated repetition priming effects have previously been reported in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), however little is known of their underlying neurobiology or disorder-specificity, hence we investigated these factors. Methods: We examined event-related potentials (ERPs) and behaviour while participants with OCD, panic disorder and healthy controls (20 per group) performed a Go/NoGo task which manipulated target repetition sequences. Results: Both clinical groups showed stronger reaction time (RT) priming than HCs, which in OCD was greater in a checking, than washing, subgroup. Both clinical groups had similar RT deficits and ERP anomalies across several components, which correlated with psychopathology and RT priming. In OCD alone, N1 latency tended to increase to repeated stimuli, correlated with O-C symptoms, whereas it decreased in other groups. OCD-checkers had smaller target P2 amplitude than all other groups. Conclusions: Enhanced neural priming is not unique to OCD and may contribute to salient sensory-cognitive experiences in anxiety generally. These effects are related to symptom severity and occur to neutral stimuli and in the context of overall RT impairment, suggesting they may be clinically relevant and pervasive. The results indicate overlapping information-processing and neurobiological factors across disorders, with indications of OCD-specific trends and subgroup differences. Significance: This first electrophysiological investigation of OCD priming in OCD to include anxious controls and OCD subgroups allows for differentiation between overlapping and OCD-specific phenomena, to advance neurobiological models of OCD. The authors report no conflicts of interest. Highlights• We conducted the first electrophysiological investigation of repetition priming in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) to include anxious and healthy controls and the first ERP study to consider OCD symptom subgroups.• Repetition priming was exaggerated in both OCD and panic disorder, and related to atypical ERP topography and symptom severity.• P2 amplitude to targets was significantly smaller in a non-washing/checking subgroup of OCD than all other groups. 3 AbstractObjective: Repeated experience with stimuli often primes faster, more efficient neuronal and behavioural responses. Exaggerated repetition priming effects have previously been reported in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), however little is known of their underlying neurobiology or disorder-specificity, hence we investigated these factors. Methods:We examined event-related potentials (ERPs) and behaviour while participants with OCD, panic disorder and healthy controls (20 per group) performed a Go/ NoGo task which manipulated target repetition sequences. Results:Both clinical groups showed stronger reaction time (RT) priming than HCs, which in OCD was greater in a checking, than washing, subgroup. Both clinical groups had similar R...

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Section: Other Between-group Differencessupporting

confidence: 72%

“…Several previous studies of attention in OCD have found larger processing negativity in individuals with OCD (Endrass, Klawohn, Schuster, & Kathmann, 2008;Klawohn, Riesel, Grützmann, Kathmann, & Endrass, 2014;Miyata et al, 1998;J. Towey et al, 1990;J.…”

Section: Other Between-group Differencesmentioning

confidence: 91%

Electrophysiology of facilitation priming in obsessive–compulsive and panic disorders

Thomas

Gonsalvez

Johnstone

2016

Clinical Neurophysiology

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“…Increased N1 latency has been reported, interpreted to indicate possible impairments in evaluating the significance of the stimuli (Di Russo, Zaccara, Ragazzoni, & Pallanti, 2000;Morault, et al, 1997). Additionally, reduced P3 latencies (Kivircik, Yener, Alptekin, & Aydin, 2003;Morault, et al, 1997;Sanz, Molina, Martin-Loeches, Calcedo, & Rubia, 2001;Towey, et al, 1990;Towey, et al, 1993) in OCD have been interpreted as a sign of cortical hyperarousal and overfocused attention (Towey, et al, 1993). Both larger (Gohle et al, 2008), and smaller P3 amplitude (Oades, Dittmann-Balcar, Schepker, Eggers, & Zerbin, 1996) has been reported.…”

Section: Erps In Ocdmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While ERP differences between OCD and HCs are consistently reported, specific findings vary, and OCD-specific deficits have yet to be identified. In oddball tasks, differences in OCD relative to HCs include both larger (Miyata et al, 1998;Towey et al, 1990;Towey et al, 1993) and smaller N2 amplitudes (Morault, Bourgeois, Laville, Bensch, & Paty, 1997), interpreted as a misallocation of cognitive resources in OCD (Towey, et al, 1993). Increased N1 latency has been reported, interpreted to indicate possible impairments in evaluating the significance of the stimuli (Di Russo, Zaccara, Ragazzoni, & Pallanti, 2000;Morault, et al, 1997).…”

Section: Erps In Ocdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural time course of threat-related attentional bias and interference in panic and obsessive–compulsive disorders

Thomas

Gonsalvez

Johnstone

2013

Biological Psychology

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Attentional biases to threat are considered central to anxiety disorders, however physiological evidence of their nature and time course is lacking. Event-related potentials (ERPs) characterized sensory and cognitive changes while 20 outpatients with panic disorder (PD), 20 with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and 20 healthy controls (HCs) responded to the color (emotional Stroop task) or meaning of threatening and neutral stimuli. ERPs indicated larger P1 amplitude and longer N1 latency in OCD, and shorter P1 latency in PD, to threatening (versus neutral) stimuli, across instructions to attend to, or ignore, threat content. Emotional Stroop interference correlated with phobic anxiety and was significant in PD. Participants with emotional Stroop interference had augmented P1 and P3 amplitudes to threat (versus neutral) stimuli when color-naming. The results suggest early attentional biases to threat in both disorders, with disorder-specific characteristics. ERPs supported preferential early attentional capture and cognitive elaboration hypotheses of emotional Stroop interference.

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“…This difficulty to inhibit interference could also rely on a problem of overfocused attention particularly salient in OCD (Savage et al, 1994). This hypothesis was confirmed in ERP research, where attention-related components peaked at a faster latency in OCD (Towey et al, 1990;Towey et al, 1993;Towey et al, 1994) than in a control group, which was not found with GTS (Johannes, Wieringa, Nager et al, 2001;Johannes et al, 2002;van Woerkom, Fortgens, Rompel-Martens, & Van de Wetering, 1988).…”

Section: Inhibitory Function and Attention In Dissociating Gts And Ocdmentioning

confidence: 69%

Neurocognitive Aspects of Tourette Syndrome and Related Disorders

Lavoie¹,

O’Connor²

2012

When Things Go Wrong - Diseases and Disorders of the Human Brain

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Endogenous event-related potentials in obsessive-compulsive disorder

Cited by 85 publications

References 19 publications

Electrophysiology of facilitation priming in obsessive–compulsive and panic disorders

Electrophysiology of facilitation priming in obsessive–compulsive and panic disorders

Neural time course of threat-related attentional bias and interference in panic and obsessive–compulsive disorders

Neurocognitive Aspects of Tourette Syndrome and Related Disorders

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