Endocytoscopic imaging of a carcinoid tumor

Fasoli, Alberto; Pugliese, V.; Gatteschi, Beatrice; Spina, Bruno; Munizzi, Francesco; Frascio, F.; Truini, Mauro; Meroni, Emanuele

doi:10.1016/j.gie.2008.02.039

Cited by 3 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Helicobacter pylori -infection 21 Signet ring cell carcinoma 22 Duodenum Coeliac disease 23,24 Colon Polyps [26][27][28][29][30][31] Amoebic colitis 32 Lung Small cell lung cancer 33,34 Others Bladder carcinoma 35 Intraoperative carcinoma diagnosis 36,38 H H. . N Ne eu um ma an nn n e et t a al l. .…”

Section: Stomachmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nests of monomorphous cells separated by poor cellulated strands without glandular structures were evident on endocytoscopic imaging. 31 Very recently, Hosoe and co-workers prospectively evaluated the feasibility of endocytoscopy with 450-fold magnification (iEC; CF-Y0001) for the in vivo diagnosis of amoebic parasites in five patients. The authors could successfully visualise amoebic trophozoites in all cases and therefore diagnose amoebic colitis in vivo during ongoing endoscopy.…”

Section: Colonmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review article: in vivo imaging by endocytoscopy

Neumann

Fuchs

Vieth

et al. 2011

Alimentary Pharmacology &Amp; Therapeutics

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Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2011; 33: 1183–1193 Summary Background Endocytoscopy (EC) enables in vivo microscopic imaging at 1400‐fold magnification, thereby allowing the analysis of mucosal structures at the cellular level. In contrast to fluorescence imaging with confocal laser endomicroscopy which allows analysis of mucosal structures up to 250 μm in depth, EC is based on the principle of contact light microscopy and only allows visualisation of the very superficial mucosal layer. Aim To systematically review the feasibility and diagnostic yield of EC for in vivo diagnosis of diseases. Methods A systematic search of the literature on diagnostic interventions in the gastrointestinal tract using EC was performed by searches in MEDLINE, Current Contents, PubMed, cross‐references and references from relevant articles using the search terms ‘endocytoscopy’, ‘endocytoscope’, ‘magnification endoscopy’, ‘endocytoscopic imaging’, ‘virtual histology’ and ‘optical biopsy’. Only full manuscripts and case reports published in English were included. Results Overall twenty‐nine relevant reports were identified. EC was feasible to detect oesophageal squamous cell cancer with sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of 95%, 84% and 82%, respectively. Moreover, EC reached excellent sensitivity and specificity for in vivo diagnosis of colon polyps (91% and 100%, respectively). Other diagnostic applications of EC included diagnosis of Barrett’s oesophagus, Helicobacter pylori, coeliac disease and small cell lung cancer. No serious complications of EC have yet been reported. Conclusions Endocytoscopy is a safe and effective new endoscopic imaging technique to obtain in vivo histology and guided biopsies with high diagnostic accuracy. Therefore, endocytoscopy has the potential to facilitate both diagnosis and patient management.

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Section: Stomachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Colonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review article: in vivo imaging by endocytoscopy

Neumann

Fuchs

Vieth

et al. 2011

Alimentary Pharmacology &Amp; Therapeutics

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“…We have described the use of EC to evaluate alimentary mucosal lesions, 1-4 and EC has also been used to image a carcinoid tumor ex vivo. 5 We recently used EC to evaluate a rectal carcinoid tumor in vivo.A 66-year-old man presented with anemia of unknown cause. Total colonoscopy revealed a slightly reddish, spherical, submucosal tumor, 8 mm in diameter, in the lower rectum.…”

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

In vivo assessment of a carcinoid tumor using endocytoscopy

Maeda

Kudo

Mori

2013

Digestive Endoscopy

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In vivo assessment of a carcinoid tumor using endocytoscopy Endocytoscopy (EC) is a new method that provides highly magnified images, enabling real-time in vivo diagnosis of cellular patterns. We have described the use of EC to evaluate alimentary mucosal lesions, 1-4 and EC has also been used to image a carcinoid tumor ex vivo. 5 We recently used EC to evaluate a rectal carcinoid tumor in vivo.A 66-year-old man presented with anemia of unknown cause. Total colonoscopy revealed a slightly reddish, spherical, submucosal tumor, 8 mm in diameter, in the lower rectum. Epithelial erosion was observed at the top portion of the lesion. After obtaining informed consent from the patient, the lesion was stained with 1% methylene blue solution, and its surface was evaluated using an integrated-type EC with 450-fold magnification and 50 mm depth of focus (CF-Y0001; Olympus Medical Systems, Tokyo, Japan). Nests of small-sized ovoid nuclei and dilated blood vessels ( Fig. 1) were observed at the top portion of the lesion. Subsequent endoscopic ultrasonography showed a hypoechoic solid tumor within the submucosal layer. The lesion was removed by endoscopic mucosal resection. Histopathological examination of the lesion following staining with hematoxylin and eosin revealed a defect in the superficial mucosa, allowing tumor cells to infiltrate the epithelium at the top portion of the lesion. The tumor cells contained small, uniform nuclei with poorly marginated, finely granular cytoplasm and were arranged in small nests and cords (Fig. 2). Immunohistochemistry showed chromogranin, synaptophysin, and CD56 expression. Ki-67 labeling index was <2%. The lesion was histologically diagnosed as a carcinoid tumor (neuroendocrine tumor: Grade 1).EC imaging of a carcinoid tumor, showing the nests of cells containing small, uniform nuclei, is similar to histopathological findings following hematoxylin and eosin staining. EC imaging may be useful for in vivo histopathological diagnosis of carcinoid tumors.

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“…Our experience with endocytoscopy (ECS) in the lower gastrointestinal tract has shown good correlation between ECS and histology in detecting aberrant crypt foci [1] and carcinoid tumor [2]. To our knowledge, ECS imaging of gastric signet ring cell (SRC) carcinoma has not been previously described.…”

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confidence: 99%