Endocycling in the path of plant development

Breuer, Christian; Braidwood, Luke; Sugimoto, Keiko

doi:10.1016/j.pbi.2013.11.007

Cited by 65 publications

(61 citation statements)

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“…Endoreduplication is an important determinant of cell and organ size, shown by the correlation of cell size and ploidy levels in Arabidopsis and other plant species Sugimoto-Shirasu and Roberts, 2003;Breuer et al, 2014;Gegas et al, 2014). Consistent with these observations, the overall ploidy levels in da1-ko1 dar1-1 dar2-1 leaves were dramatically reduced compared with those in wild-type leaves (Figures 3G and 3H; Supplemental Figure 4).…”

Section: Da1 Dar1 and Dar2 Are Redundantly Required For Endoreduplisupporting

confidence: 72%

“…How the duration of cell proliferation, the extent of cell growth, and the onset of differentiation are coordinately regulated to determine the characteristic final size and shape of organs is a major question in biology. In animals and plants, endoreduplication has often been associated with cell and organ growth, and it is also correlated with the onset of cell differentiation Breuer et al, 2014;Edgar et al, 2014). Although a number of core cell-cycle regulators involved in endoreduplication have been identified, how their activities are coordinated during cell and organ growth are not well understood.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During organ growth, the initiation of cell differentiation is often accompanied by a switch from the mitotic cell cycle to the endoreduplication cycle or endocycle, during which nuclear DNA content is increased by additional rounds of full-genome duplication without intervening cell division, giving rise to cells with higher ploidy (Sugimoto-Shirasu and Roberts, 2003;Breuer et al, 2010Breuer et al, , 2014Edgar et al, 2014). Altered levels of endoreduplication lead to changes in cell number and cell size, thereby influencing organ growth in both plants and animals Breuer et al, 2014;Edgar et al, 2014). For example, during leaf development, cells in leaf primordia actively proliferate, and the growth of leaves is often associated with a switch for most cells to begin endoreduplication with a basipetal polarity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some of the regulatory mechanisms influencing the endocycle are shared between animals and plants, and a crucial step to promote the endocycle is downregulation of the activity of the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) complexes associated with mitotic cyclins (Wuarin et al, 2002;Costanzo et al, 2004;Inzé and De Veylder, 2006;Breuer et al, 2014;Edgar et al, 2014). For example, CDKB1;1 interacts with CYCLIN A (CYCA2s) to repress the endoreduplication in Arabidopsis thaliana (Boudolf et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Ubiquitin Receptors DA1, DAR1, and DAR2 Redundantly Regulate Endoreduplication by Modulating the Stability of TCP14/15 in Arabidopsis

et al. 2015

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Organ growth involves the coordination of cell proliferation and cell growth with differentiation. Endoreduplication is correlated with the onset of cell differentiation and with cell and organ size, but little is known about the molecular mechanisms linking cell and organ growth with endoreduplication. We have previously demonstrated that the ubiquitin receptor DA1 influences organ growth by restricting cell proliferation. Here, we show that DA1 and its close family members DAR1 and DAR2 are redundantly required for endoreduplication during leaf development. DA1, DAR1, and DAR2 physically interact with the transcription factors TCP14 and TCP15, which repress endoreduplication by directly regulating the expression of cell-cycle genes. We also show that DA1, DAR1, and DAR2 modulate the stability of TCP14 and TCP15 proteins in Arabidopsis thaliana. Genetic analyses demonstrate that DA1, DAR1, and DAR2 function in a common pathway with TCP14/15 to regulate endoreduplication. Thus, our findings define an important genetic and molecular mechanism involving the ubiquitin receptors DA1, DAR1, and DAR2 and the transcription factors TCP14 and TCP15 that links endoreduplication with cell and organ growth.

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Section: Da1 Dar1 and Dar2 Are Redundantly Required For Endoreduplisupporting

confidence: 72%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The Ubiquitin Receptors DA1, DAR1, and DAR2 Redundantly Regulate Endoreduplication by Modulating the Stability of TCP14/15 in Arabidopsis

et al. 2015

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“…During organ growth, the onset of cell differentiation often correlates with a switch from the mitotic cell cycle to the endoreduplication cycle, also known as the endocycle, during which mitosis is repressed and additional rounds of DNA replication occur in the absence of cytokinesis, resulting in cells with higher ploidy levels (Breuer et al, 2014;Edgar et al, 2014). Changes in the levels of endoreduplication influence cell division and cell expansion, thereby modulating organ and body size in both animals and plants (Flemming et al, 2000;Sugimoto-Shirasu and Roberts, 2003;Edgar et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

UBIQUITIN-SPECIFIC PROTEASE 14 interacts with ULTRAVIOLET-B INSENSITIVE 4 to regulate endoreduplication and cell and organ growth in Arabidopsis

Jin

et al. 2016

Plant Cell

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Endopolyploidy in Plants

Leitch

Dodsworth

2017

Encyclopedia of Life Sciences

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Endopolyploidy is a general term describing the multiplication of nuclear DNA within the cell. In plants, this takes place via several mechanisms but mainly through the process of endoreduplication. Endoreduplication involves the replication of chromosomal deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) without intervening mitoses and no obvious chromatin condensation/decondensation, with chromatids staying united either at the centromere or rarely, along their entire length. The occurrence of this form of endopolyploidy is uneven across plants; thus far, it has not been detected in some lineages (e.g. liverworts), whereas it is common in angiosperms (flowering plants), where very high levels (up to 24 567C) of endopolyploidy have been reported in some tissues. Internal and external factors contribute to the mechanisms underlying endopolyploidy, which can be seen as a key part of the developmental flexibility of plants. Recent work has shown that endopolyploidy may also play an important role in the response of plants to environmental stress. Key Concepts The frequency of endopolyploidy varies across different lineages of land plants. Three types of endopolyploidy have been reported in plants – endocycles, endomitosis and progressive partial endoreduplication, of which the endocycle is the most common. Endopolyploidy can reach very high levels in some plant cells (up to 24 567C). Endopolyploidy can lead to an increase in cell size, especially when the number of endocycles is high. The switch from the mitotic cell cycle to the endocycle involves changes in the regulation and abundance of a variety of cyclin‐dependent kinases (CDKs), cyclins (CYC) and regulatory proteins/transcription factors. Endopolyploidy is common in reproductive tissues of plants, for example the nutritive tissue of the endosperm in seeds. The onset of endopolyploidy is induced in some cell tissues in response to stress.

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Endocycling in the path of plant development

Cited by 65 publications

References 63 publications

The Ubiquitin Receptors DA1, DAR1, and DAR2 Redundantly Regulate Endoreduplication by Modulating the Stability of TCP14/15 in Arabidopsis

The Ubiquitin Receptors DA1, DAR1, and DAR2 Redundantly Regulate Endoreduplication by Modulating the Stability of TCP14/15 in Arabidopsis

UBIQUITIN-SPECIFIC PROTEASE 14 interacts with ULTRAVIOLET-B INSENSITIVE 4 to regulate endoreduplication and cell and organ growth in Arabidopsis

Endopolyploidy in Plants

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