Endocrinopathic Laminitis

Grenager, Nora S.

doi:10.1016/j.cveq.2021.08.001

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Painful laminitis is the gravest consequence of ID in horses, and carries serious welfare concerns ( 86 , 105 ). Mares with ID and/or a history of laminitis may be at higher risk for acute laminitis during pregnancy, as pre-existing conditions are amplified with physiological pregnancy-related IR ( 106 ).…”

Section: Pregnancy and Postpartum Periodmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These changes are different to vascular findings related to pre-eclampsia in women, which reflects the differences in both the etiopathogenesis of the syndromes and placentation between species ( 107 ). The relationship between laminitis and ID has been studied extensively ( 105 ), and laminitis during late pregnancy is a recognized problem in the clinical setting ( 106 ). Nevertheless, there are no recent publications on laminitis in pregnant mares.…”

Section: Pregnancy and Postpartum Periodmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effects of obesity and insulin dysregulation on mare reproduction, pregnancy, and foal health: a review

2023

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Obesity is a growing welfare concern in modern equine populations and predisposes horses to disturbances in energy metabolism such as insulin dysregulation. However, equine metabolic syndrome has only been recognized in recent decades. Functioning energy metabolism is pivotal to normal body homeostasis and affects essentially all organ systems, including reproduction. Previous literature suggests that obesity has an effect not only on the reproductive processes in mares but also on offspring health, predisposing the offspring to later-onset orthopedic and metabolic problems. This review focuses on the effects of obesity, insulin dysregulation and hyperinsulinemia on the reproductive functions of mares and the implications on foal health before and after birth. The points of interest are the cyclicity and ovarian function, uterine environment, gestation, the postpartum period, and the newborn foal. The aim is to review the current state of knowledge, and identify outstanding questions that could stimulate future research. This topic is important not only from the equine industry and production perspective but is also relevant for the welfare of future populations and individuals.

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Section: Pregnancy and Postpartum Periodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pregnancy and Postpartum Periodmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of obesity and insulin dysregulation on mare reproduction, pregnancy, and foal health: a review

2023

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“…Evidence of ID may include increased basal insulin concentration (BIC), an abnormal insulin response to an oral or intravenous carbohydrate challenge with or without an excessive or prolonged hyperglycaemia, or insulin resistance (IR) at the tissue level that may be manifested as hypertriglyceridaemia. 5,6 Equine obesity appears to be highly prevalent, 7 ranging from 24% in mature Icelandic horses in Denmark 8 to 54% in leisure horses of different breeds in the United Kingdom. 9 The prevalence of obesity differs between horses and ponies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ID is the key feature of EMS and represents a disturbance of the normal homeostatic balance of insulin, glucose and lipid concentrations in plasma. Evidence of ID may include increased basal insulin concentration (BIC), an abnormal insulin response to an oral or intravenous carbohydrate challenge with or without an excessive or prolonged hyperglycaemia, or insulin resistance (IR) at the tissue level that may be manifested as hypertriglyceridaemia 5,6 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity and obesity‐associated metabolic disease conditions in Connemara ponies in Ireland

Al‐Ansari,

Golding,

Walshe

et al. 2023

Equine Veterinary Journal

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BackgroundEquine obesity combined with insulin dysregulation (ID) is a major risk factor associated with laminitis. Some pony breeds appear to be at increased risk. However, little is known regarding the prevalence of obesity or hyperinsulinaemia as evidence of ID in Irish ponies.ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence of obesity and associated endocrine/metabolic disease conditions in Connemara ponies and to determine if hyperinsulinaemia in these ponies could be predicted by morphometric or metabolic markers.Study designCross‐sectional study.MethodsThe study population included registered Connemara ponies recruited through public and veterinary social media posts. Ponies underwent a physical examination and information on their management and clinical history was obtained via owner questionnaire. The body condition score (BCS) was measured using the Henneke system; cresty neck score (CNS) and regionalised adiposity were also assessed. Hyperinsulinaemia was confirmed by measuring serum basal insulin concentration (BIC) or insulin concentration after an oral sugar test (OST). Blood glucose and triglyceride concentrations were measured. Characteristics of hyperinsulinaemic and insulin‐sensitive ponies were compared by logistic regression.ResultsTwo hundred ponies were included; 59 ponies (29.5%) had a BCS ≥7, 58 (29.0%) had a CNS ≥2.5 and 135 (67.5%) had regionalised adiposity; 137 (68.5%) ponies had at least one of these abnormalities. Owner‐reported history or clinical evidence of chronic laminitis was found in 92 ponies (46.0%). Hyperinsulinaemia was confirmed in 32 ponies (16.0%), including 23 of 91 (25.3%) detected by OST and 9 of 109 (8.3%) by BIC. Hypertriglyceridaemia was observed in 12 of 198 ponies (6.1%) ponies and hyperglycaemia in 11 of 197 ponies (5.6%) ponies. The odds of hyperinsulinaemia increased by a factor of 6.53 (95% confidence interval: 2.95, 15.21) when BCS was ≥7.Main limitationsThe OST was not performed in all ponies.ConclusionsIncreased adiposity, laminitis and metabolic derangements are prevalent in this native Irish pony breed.

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Continuous digital hypothermia for prevention and treatment of equine acute laminitis: A practical review

Lavado

Lewis

Montgomery

2023

The Veterinary Journal

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Endocrinopathic Laminitis

Cited by 4 publications

References 61 publications

The effects of obesity and insulin dysregulation on mare reproduction, pregnancy, and foal health: a review

The effects of obesity and insulin dysregulation on mare reproduction, pregnancy, and foal health: a review

Obesity and obesity‐associated metabolic disease conditions in Connemara ponies in Ireland

Continuous digital hypothermia for prevention and treatment of equine acute laminitis: A practical review

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