Endocrine Disruption Comes into Regulatory Focus

Baltz, Davis

doi:10.2190/3ym8-34by-br0b-9ctw

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…In their 1998 final report, EDSTAC acknowledged several important issues that were relevant to EDCs and other environmental chemicals ( EDSTAC, 1998 ; Baltz, 1999 ). First, there were more than 80,000 chemicals in use; although 25,000 would be unlikely to interact with hormone receptors due to their size and/or physiochemical properties, tens of thousands would need to be evaluated.…”

Section: The Epa’s First Task: Develop a Screening Program For Edcsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Failure to Launch: The Endocrine Disruptor Screening Program at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

Maffini

Vandenberg

2022

Front. Toxicol.

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It has been 25 years since the U.S. Congress passed the Food Quality Protection Act of 1996, an amendment to the Food Drug and Cosmetic Act, which mandated that the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) test all pesticide chemicals used in food for endocrine disruption. Soon after the law passed, EPA established the Endocrine Disruptor Screening and Testing Advisory Committee (EDSTAC) to provide recommendations to the agency on how its Endocrine Disruptor Screening Program (EDSP) should work. Among them, the committee recommended that EDSP screening should 1) evaluate both human and ecological effects; 2) test for disruption of the estrogen, androgen, and thyroid systems; 3) evaluate pesticide and non-pesticide chemicals; and 4) implement a tiered approach. EPA adopted the recommendations and the EDSP was created in 1998. To date, the EPA has yet to fully implement the law; in other words, it has failed to test all pesticide chemicals for endocrine disruption. Of the small number that have been tested, not a single pesticide chemical has been determined to be an endocrine disruptor, and no regulatory actions have been taken. Here, we review the missed opportunities EPA had to make the EDSP a functional and effective program aimed at protecting human health and the environment. Two reports by the EPA’s Office of Inspector General from 2011 to 2021 provide the framework for our discussion.

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Section: The Epa’s First Task: Develop a Screening Program For Edcsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Failure to Launch: The Endocrine Disruptor Screening Program at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

Maffini

Vandenberg

2022

Front. Toxicol.

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“…In the United States, the EPA has been conducting a continuous investigational program to protect human health and the environment, and the Endocrine Disruptor Screening and Testing Advisory Committee (EDSTAC) was formed in 1996 [124]. The EPA provides experimental methods for EDC toxicity evaluation, which were created by the Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances (OPPTS) and Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention (OCSPP), affiliated with the EPA to provide data according to the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA); Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA); and Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA) [125,126].…”

Section: Status Of Regulations and Tests For Endocrine-disrupting Substances By Countrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety Assessment of Endocrine Disruption by Menopausal Health Functional Ingredients

Kang

Kim

2021

Healthcare

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During menopause, women experience various symptoms including hot flashes, mood changes, insomnia, and sweating. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) has been used as the main treatment for menopausal symptoms; however, other options are required for women with medical contraindications or without preference for HRT. Functional health foods are easily available options for relieving menopausal symptoms. There are growing concerns regarding menopausal functional health foods because the majority of them include phytoestrogens which have the effect of endocrine disruption. Phytoestrogens may cause not only hormonal imbalance or disruption of the normal biological function of the organ systems, but also uterine cancer or breast cancer if absorbed and accumulated in the body for a long period of time, depending on the estrogen receptor binding capacity. Therefore, we aimed to determine the effects and safety of menopausal functional health ingredients and medicines on the human body as endocrine disruptors under review in the literature and the OECD guidelines.

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Policy Issues in Environmental Health Disputes

Brown

Zavestoski

Mayer

et al. 2002

The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Scie

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This article compares the state of policies concerning three different diseases/conditions with putative environmental factors: asthma, breast cancer, and Gulf War-related illnesses. By comparing the state of four different types of policies--research funding, regulations, compensation/treatment, and citizen participation--the authors demonstrate the dynamic relationship between policies and health social movements. They identify four factors that shape policy for these three diseases: the science base supporting the environmental causation hypothesis, prevalence and perception of risk, the sources of support for the environmental causation hypothesis, and the strength of health social movements. All four factors contribute to policy outcomes, but they find the strength of health social movements to be particularly important for the three diseases they examine. In some cases, social movement activity can be more important than the strength of the science base in terms of policy outcome success.

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Endocrine Disruption Comes into Regulatory Focus

Cited by 3 publications

References 1 publication

Failure to Launch: The Endocrine Disruptor Screening Program at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

Failure to Launch: The Endocrine Disruptor Screening Program at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

Safety Assessment of Endocrine Disruption by Menopausal Health Functional Ingredients

Policy Issues in Environmental Health Disputes

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