Endocrine characteristics of adolescent menstrual cycles: Impact of early menarche

Vihko, R.; Apter, Dan

doi:10.1016/0022-4731(84)90209-7

Cited by 205 publications

(98 citation statements)

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“…These findings may reflect the better recall of menarcheal age among younger/premenopausal women, although age at menarche is reported with reasonably good accuracy (Bean et al, 1979). Early menarche is associated with a more rapid onset of ovulatory cycles, and with the tendency to sustain higher levels of luteal phase estradiol and progesterone (Vihko and Apter, 1984). Thus, a protective effect of late menarche, observed here in premenopausal women, is consistent with hypotheses regarding incessant ovulation (Fathalla, 1971;Casagrande et al, 1979) and ovarian inflammation (Ness and Cottreau, 1999), but inconsistent with the hypothesis that higher levels of progesterone are associated with reduced risk (Risch, 1998).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Menstrual and reproductive factors in relation to ovarian cancer risk

et al. 2001

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The reduced risk of epithelial ovarian cancer associated with parity and oral contraceptive use suggests that pituitary and/or ovarian hormones or ovulatory events are important in the aetiology of these tumours (Cramer, 1986). Nevertheless, despite extensive study, the influence of menstrual and reproductive factors, with the exception of parity, remains uncertain. In this report, we evaluate menstrual and reproductive characteristics in relation to ovarian cancer risk overall, and in relation to the major tumour histologic subtypes. Our findings are considered in light of several current hypotheses regarding ovarian cancer pathogenesis. Briefly, the incessant ovulation hypothesis suggests that risk is increased by chronic post-ovulatory trauma to the epithelial surface of the ovary, and the tendency to form inclusion cysts (Fathalla, 1971;Casagrande et al, 1979). The gonadotrophin hypothesis proposes that excessive gonadotropin secretion and consequent increases in oestrogen stimulation lead to proliferation and malignant transformation of ovarian epithelium . More recent hypotheses have suggested a role for chronic ovarian inflammation (Ness, 1999), androgens and progesterone (Risch, 1998), and the possibility that pregnancies reduce risk by clearing transforming cells from the ovaries (ovarian clearance) (Adami et al, 1994). METHODSWe conducted a population-based, case-control study of epithelial ovarian cancer in eastern Massachusetts (MA) and New Hampshire (NH). The methods used have been previously described Harlow et al, 1998). Briefly, 1033 potentially eligible case women (ages 20 to 74) were ascertained between May 1992 and March 1997 through state-wide cancer registries (NH, MA) and hospital tumour boards (MA). After exclusion of patients who had nonepithelial tumours (n = 52), and those who had died (n = 91), moved out of state (n = 27), had no telephone (n = 24), or did not speak English (n = 14), 825 case women were eligible for the study. Physicians denied permission to contact 126 (14%) of these women, and 136 (16%) of women declined to participate. This analysis is based on 563 cases of epithelial ovarian cancer, including lesions of borderline malignancy.Control women were identified primarily by random digit dialing (RDD) (Waksberg, 1978), and matched to case women by age (within 4 years) and telephone sampling unit. Of approximately 5400 residential households contacted, 10% declined to provide a household census, and 80% provided a census, but lacked a potentially eligible control subject. In the remaining 10% of households, a potentially eligible control was identified. 72% of the potential control women agreed to participate in the study. In MA, control women of age 60 or older were randomly chosen from Town Books, and matched to case women by age and precinct. Of 328 control women selected from Town Books, 21% Summary We assessed menstrual and reproductive factors in relation to ovarian cancer risk in a large, population-based, case-control study. 563 cases in Massachusetts and New Hampsh...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Menstrual and reproductive factors in relation to ovarian cancer risk

et al. 2001

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“…A possible mechanism is that early maturing adolescents (girls) appear to have increased blood concentrations of estrogen hormone at an earlier age. 41 It has been found that a high circulating level of estrogen persists until the age of 25 years and leads to the accumulation of adipose tissues in the body 42 or that a longer period of positive energy balance in early maturers leads to increased obesity. 23 However, because our study indicated higher BMI related to pubertal maturity in both boys and girls, this may explain only a part of the association between puberty and adult obesity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early overweight and pubertal maturation—pathways of association with young adults’ overweight: a longitudinal study

et al. 2008

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Objective: Objectives of this study were to examine the prospective association of childhood body mass index (BMI) and overweight and pubertal stages with BMI and overweight in early adulthood independent of each other. Design: A population-based prospective birth cohort. Subjects: We used a population-based prospective birth cohort of 2897 (52% men) young adults who were born during 1981-1983 in Brisbane, Australia, and for whom we had puberty stages using Tanner scale at 14 years and measured BMI at 5 years of age. Main outcome measures: Pubertal stages at adolescent and BMI and its categories at 21 years. Results: We found that increasing BMI and overweight at 5 years of age predict the advanced stages of puberty. An advanced stage of puberty predicts young adults' BMI and overweight status at 21 years. When taking both childhood BMI and pubertal status into consideration, we found that being overweight at 5 years substantively increases BMI at 21 years, regardless of the stage of puberty reported at 14 years. We also found that subjects with normal BMI at 5 years but with higher stages of puberty at 14 years had threefolds greater risk to be overweight at 21 years compared with their counterparts. All associations remained consistent after controlling for potential confounders. Conclusions: Although this study underscores the impact of both child overweight and pubertal development on young adults' obesity, the mechanism that further explains the impact of puberty needs to be identified.

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“…Conversely, lower levels of luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone and estradiol have been observed in women with both anorexia and restricting subtypes of bulimia nervosa (Devlin, Walsh, & Katz, 1989;Pirke, Fichter, & Schweiger, 1989). Although early maturing girls begin to produce DHEAS prior to peers, they do not seem to differ in overall levels of DHEAS production (Vihko & Apter, 1984). In fact, the symptoms of eating disorders --particularly binging and restricting dieting --can actually result in dysfunctional hormone levels (Resch, Szendei, & Haasz, 2004).…”

Section: Eating Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They also have higher levels of serum estradiol. Such hormonal differences persist well into adulthood, until girls reach their late 20s and early 30s (Apter & Vihko, 1983;Vihko & Apter, 1984;Apter, Reinila, & Vihko, 1989). …”

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confidence: 99%

Detrimental psychological outcomes associated with early pubertal timing in adolescent girls

Mendle

Turkheimer

Emery

2007

Developmental Review

395

338

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Though often discussed as though it were a discrete event, puberty comprises one segment of a larger developmental continuum and is notable for rapid transformation across a multitude of domains. Research suggests that an earlier rate of pubertal maturation in girls correlates with a number of detrimental outcomes compared with on-time or later maturation. The present review synthesizes the research on negative psychological sequelae of early pubertal timing in adolescent girls. Emphasis is on three theoretical perspectives by which precocious development is believed to affect the emergence of adverse outcomes: biological, psychosocial, and selection effects.

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Endocrine characteristics of adolescent menstrual cycles: Impact of early menarche

Cited by 205 publications

References 10 publications

Menstrual and reproductive factors in relation to ovarian cancer risk

Menstrual and reproductive factors in relation to ovarian cancer risk

Early overweight and pubertal maturation—pathways of association with young adults’ overweight: a longitudinal study

Detrimental psychological outcomes associated with early pubertal timing in adolescent girls

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