Endocrine and Metabolic Effects of Consuming Fructose- and Glucose-Sweetened Beverages with Meals in Obese Men and Women: Influence of Insulin Resistance on Plasma Triglyceride Responses

Teff, Karen L.; Grudziak, Joanne; Townsend, Raymond R.; Dunn, Tamara N.; Grant, Ryan W.; Adams, Sean H.; Keim, Nancy L.; Cummings, Bethany P.; Stanhope, Kimber L.; Havel, Peter J.

doi:10.1210/jc.2008-2192

Cited by 257 publications

(134 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Since that publication, other epidemiologic studies have shown that chronic consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages are associated with greater rates of obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and heart disease (Bray et al 2004;Bremer et al 2010;Fung et al 2009;Montonen et al 2007;Palmer et al 2008;Schulze et al 2004;Yoshida et al 2007). Experimental studies have compared the metabolic health effects of different sugar-sweetened beverages O including pure glucose, pure fructose, HFCS, and sucrose O at various doses of sugar intake and consumed for various lengths of time (1 day to 10 weeks) (Aeberli et al 2011(Aeberli et al , 2013Cox et al 2011Cox et al , 2012Le et al 2006;Stanhope et al 2008Stanhope et al , 2009Stanhope et al , 2011aStanhope et al , 2011bSwarbrick et al 2008;Teff et al 2009). These studies have demonstrated that the 2 common sweeteners, HFCS and sucrose, have similar metabolic effects, and that fructosesweetened beverages are more detrimental to metabolic health than glucose-sweetened beverages, because fructose-sweetened beverages have been shown to increase proinflammatory and prothrombotic mediators, postprandial triacylglycerol (TAG) concentrations, uric acid concentrations, and intrahepatocellular lipids, and to reduce hepatic insulin sensitivity to a greater extent than glucose-sweetened beverages (Aeberli et al 2011(Aeberli et al , 2013Cox et al 2011Cox et al , 2012Le et al 2006;Stanhope et al 2008Stanhope et al , 2009Stanhope et al , 2011aStanhope et al , 2011bSwarbrick et al 2008;Teff et al 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weight classification does not influence the short-term endocrine or metabolic effects of high-fructose corn syrup-sweetened beverages

Heden

Liu

Kearney

et al. 2014

Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab.

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Obesity and high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS)-sweetened beverages are associated with an increased risk of chronic disease, but it is not clear whether obese (Ob) individuals are more susceptible to the detrimental effects of HFCS-sweetened beverages. The purpose of this study was to examine the endocrine and metabolic effects of consuming HFCS-sweetened beverages, and whether weight classification (normal weight (NW) vs. Ob) influences these effects. Ten NW and 10 Ob men and women who habitually consumed ≤355 mL per day of sugar-sweetened beverages were included in this study. Initially, the participants underwent a 4-h mixed-meal test after a 12-h overnight fast to assess insulin sensitivity, pancreatic and gut endocrine responses, insulin secretion and clearance, and glucose, triacylglycerol, and cholesterol responses. Next, the participants consumed their normal diet ad libitum, with 1065 mL per day (117 g·day(-1)) of HFCS-sweetened beverages added for 2 weeks. After the intervention, the participants repeated the mixed-meal test. HFCS-sweetened beverages did not significantly alter body weight, insulin sensitivity, insulin secretion or clearance, or endocrine, glucose, lipid, or cholesterol responses in either NW or Ob individuals. Regardless of previous diet, Ob individuals, compared with NW individuals, had ∼28% lower physical activity levels, 6%-9% lower insulin sensitivity, 12%-16% lower fasting high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations, 84%-144% greater postprandial triacylglycerol concentrations, and 46%-79% greater postprandial insulin concentrations. Greater insulin responses were associated with reduced insulin clearance, and there were no differences in insulin secretion. These findings suggest that weight classification does not influence the short-term endocrine and metabolic effects of HFCS-sweetened beverages.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weight classification does not influence the short-term endocrine or metabolic effects of high-fructose corn syrup-sweetened beverages

Heden

Liu

Kearney

et al. 2014

Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab.

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“…In healthy non-obese women, the VAT area assessed through CT has been estimated to increase with age at a rate of 2.36 cm 2 per year [16]. Recent studies have demonstrated that fructose consumption increases TG and glucose levels, leading to insulin resistance and exacerbating the metabolic profile presentation [17]. Moreover, fructose consumption among overweight individuals is reported to increase de novo lipogenesis, dyslipidemia, and visceral adiposity, and to decrease insulin sensitivity [18].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender- and Age-Specific Associations between Visceral Obesity and Renal Function Impairment

et al. 2019

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Objective: Although obesity is associated with an increased risk of chronic kidney disease, this trend becomes nonsignificant following adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors. The present study aims to investigate whether visceral obesity is independently associated with renal function impairment. Method: The medical records of 14,529 male and 10,561 female Chinese adults undergoing health check-ups during 2013–2015 were retrospectively collected. The baseline characteristics, including the degree of visceral fat and the percentage of body fat, were compared. The association between study groups and renal function impairment was investigated using regression models adjusted for confounding factors. Results: All variables differed significantly among non-obese, peripheral, and central type obese subjects, both younger and older, and of both genders, except for hsCRP in older male subjects (p = 0.053) and eGFR in older female subjects (p = 0.098). Unadjusted univariate analysis showed that central obesity contributed significantly to renal function impairment in all age groups and in both genders. After adjusting for possible confounding factors, only central obesity was found to be an independent factor of renal function impairment in all groups, except for men under 45 years of age. Conclusion: Visceral obesity is independently associated with renal function impairment in all ages and both genders, except for males younger than 45 years.

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“…For these studies, the cell culture media monosaccharide content of 0.72 mmol/L (glucose alone or glucose plus fructose) was found to maximize hepatocellular lipogenesis. This molar amount was determined following a series of experiments, employing a step-wise increase in sugar content and based on previous human studies showing serum total monosaccharide concentrations of approximately 0.50 mmol/L following a fructose-rich meal [24] . Higher amounts of monosaccharide (> 0.72 mmol/L) in the Huh7 incubating media did not yield statistically significant increases either in cellular TG or in cellular C content, while further increases (> 400 mmol/L) in media osmolality resulted in decreased cell viability.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As stated previously, a recent meta-analysis concluded the potential association between fructose and NAFLD was confounded by the concurrent consumption of hypercaloric diets [12] . The influence of fructose on lipogenesis, as a consequence of excess energy intake, may be mediated by this monosaccharide's direct attenuation of post-prandial ghrelin suppression [24] . On the other hand, another study examining the effects of dietary sucrose vs HFCS on endogenous hormone levels, failed to demonstrate any significant differences in serum insulin, leptin and ghrelin levels [25] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipogenesis in Huh7 cells is promoted by increasing the fructose: Glucose molar ratio

Windemuller

Rabinowitz

et al. 2016

WJH

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AIM:To determine whether hepatocyte lipogenesis, in an in vitro cell culture model, is modulated by adjusting culture media monosaccharide content and concentration. METHODS:Hepatocytes (Huh7), demonstrating glucose and fructose uptake and lipid biosynthesis, were incubated in culture media containing either glucose alone (0.65-0.72 mmol/L) or isosmolar monosaccharide (0.72 mmol/L) comprising fructose:glucose (F:G) molar ratios ranging from 0.58-0.67. Following a 24-h incubation, cells were harvested and analyzed for total protein, triglyceride (TG) and cholesterol (C) content. Significant differences (P < 0.05) among groups were determined using analysis of variance followed by Dunnett's test for multiple comparisons. RESULTS:After a 24 h incubation period, Huh7 cell mass and viability among all experimental groups were not different. Hepatocytes cultured with increasing concentrations of glucose alone did not demonstrate a significant change either in C or in TG content. However, when the culture media contained increasing F: G molar ratios, at a constant total monosaccharide

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Endocrine and Metabolic Effects of Consuming Fructose- and Glucose-Sweetened Beverages with Meals in Obese Men and Women: Influence of Insulin Resistance on Plasma Triglyceride Responses

Cited by 257 publications

References 38 publications

Weight classification does not influence the short-term endocrine or metabolic effects of high-fructose corn syrup-sweetened beverages

Weight classification does not influence the short-term endocrine or metabolic effects of high-fructose corn syrup-sweetened beverages

Gender- and Age-Specific Associations between Visceral Obesity and Renal Function Impairment

Lipogenesis in Huh7 cells is promoted by increasing the fructose: Glucose molar ratio

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