Endobronchial juvenile hemangioma - a case report of a neonate including immunohistochemical monitoring and nuclear, cellular, and vascular morphometry

Abstract

A 3-month-old female child suffered from tachypnea and dyspnea with abnormal blood gas values. Chest X-rays revealed an increased transparency of the left lung and a mediastinal shift to the right side. High resolution computed tomography (CT) documented a narrowing of the left upper stem bronchus. Ensuing endoscopy detected an occlusive endobronchial tumor mass that did not infiltrate the bronchial cartilage as confirmed with endobronchial ultrasonic monitoring. Based on gross histological examination of the surgical specimen obtained using sleeve resection, the highly vascularized tumor exhibited an adenomatoid growth pattern with a rather homogeneous population of nuclei. The light microscopical presentation was consistent with a juvenile (infantile) hemangioma, which was confirmed using immunohistochemical examinations despite the display of neuroendocrine features. Although endobronchial juvenile hemangiomas are an extremely rare event in early childhood, this case underscores the necessity to not neglect its occurrence in differential diagnosis.

Rare cause for hemoptysis in an adolescent: Bronchial capillary hemangioma

“…The literature describes a 3 week old infant that presented with tachypnea and poor oral intake caused by a hemangioma of the left main stem bronchus and was treated with steroids . Similarly, a 3 month old and a 5 month old infant with tachydyspnea were described and were treated with sleeve resection of the main stem bronchus, which is a much more invasive treatment method than bronchoscopic removal . In the reported cases it was the choice of treatment because of unclear histology and a growth pattern that was probably more plain rather than pedunculated.…”

“…Typically, children become symptomatic during the first months of life. The literature describes a 3 week old infant that presented with tachypnea and poor oral intake caused by a hemangioma of the left main stem bronchus and was treated with steroids. 2 Similarly, a 3 month old and a 5 month old infant with tachydyspnea were described and were treated with sleeve resection of the main stem bronchus, which is a much more invasive treatment method than bronchoscopic removal.…”

Thoracoscopic resection of a mediastinal venous hemangioma: Report of a case

“…9,10 To identify the vascular nature of the cystic lesion in the present case, we used both of these staining procedures. The inner surface of the cyst was positive for CD31 and negative for D2-40, confi rming the vascular nature of the lesion.…”

Argon Plasma Coagulation for Endobronchial Hemangioma

“…5,6 There is a significant correlation between the presence of cutaneous juvenile hemangiomas and the presence of upper airway hemangiomas. 5,6 There is a significant correlation between the presence of cutaneous juvenile hemangiomas and the presence of upper airway hemangiomas.…”