Ending Sales of Tobacco Products in Pharmacies

Brennan, Troyen A.; Schroeder, Steven A.

doi:10.1001/jama.2014.686

Cited by 37 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(29 reference statements)

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“…To better align its health-promoting business activities with the products it sells[51], RI-based CVS Health implemented a supply-side tobacco control policy by banning tobacco sales in its stores. The present study sought to examine the potential impact of this policy on racial/ethnic and socioeconomic disparities in the density of tobacco outlets across neighborhoods in RI.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1,2] In 2010, the American Pharmacy Association issued a policy statement urging all pharmacies to discontinue the sale of tobacco products. [3] The announcement by Rhode Island-based CVS Health (formerly CVS Caremark) that it will no longer sell cigarettes or tobacco-related products at its approximately 7,600 pharmacy stores nationwide[4] starting in September 2014 sparked considerable discussion. [5-9] Yet, the potential impact of the CVS Health policy action on smoking behavior as well as what this action means for other pharmacy retailers selling tobacco products remains unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Retail Pharmacy Policy to End the Sale of Tobacco Products: What Is the Impact on Disparity in Neighborhood Density of Tobacco Outlets?

Tucker-Seeley

Bezold

James

et al. 2016

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

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Background Population-level research on the implications of retail pharmacy policies to end the sale of tobacco products is scant, and the impact of such policies on racial/ethnic and socioeconomic disparities across neighborhoods in access to tobacco products remains unexplored. Methods We investigated the association between neighborhood sociodemographic characteristics and tobacco retail density in Rhode Island (RI) (N=240 census tracts). We also investigated whether the CVS Health (N=60) policy to end the sale of tobacco products reduces the disparity in the density of tobacco retail across neighborhoods, and we conducted a prospective policy analysis to determine if a similar policy change in all pharmacies in RI (N=135) would reduce the disparity in tobacco retail density. Results The results revealed statistically significant associations between neighborhood sociodemographic characteristics and tobacco retail outlet density across RI neighborhoods. The results when excluding the CVS Health locations, as well as all pharmacies as tobacco retailers, revealed no change in the pattern for this association. Conclusions The results of this study suggest that while a commendable tobacco control policy, the CVS Health policy appears to have no impact on the neighborhood racial/ethnic and socioeconomic disparities in the density of tobacco retailers in RI. Prospective policy analyses showed no impact on this disparity even if all other pharmacies in the state adopted a similar policy Impact Policy efforts aimed at reducing the disparity in access to tobacco products should focus on reducing the density of tobacco outlets in poor and racial/ethnic neighborhoods.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retail Pharmacy Policy to End the Sale of Tobacco Products: What Is the Impact on Disparity in Neighborhood Density of Tobacco Outlets?

Tucker-Seeley

Bezold

James

et al. 2016

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

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“…Further, one national pharmacy chain in the USA removed tobacco from its shelves in 2014 6. Despite these advances, the vast majority of pharmacies in the USA continue to sell tobacco.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global sale of tobacco products and electronic nicotine delivery systems in community pharmacies

et al. 2017

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“…Chain community pharmacies have discontinued the sale of tobacco, added primary care clinics, and redesigned the pharmacy to allow pharmacists to more easily interact with patients. 1–4 However, studies have shown that simply physically remodeling pharmacies does not result in improved pharmacist-patient interaction and patient counseling. 5–7 Authors cited interacting system factors such as inadequate personnel training and lack of both pharmacist and patient readiness to increase patient counseling as contributing factors for their study results.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using link analysis to explore the impact of the physical environment on pharmacist tasks

Lester

Chui

2016

Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy

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Background National community pharmacy organizations have been redesigning pharmacies to better facilitate direct patient care. However, evidence suggests that changing the physical layout of a pharmacy prior to understanding how the environment impacts pharmacists' work may not achieve the desired benefits. This study describes an objective method to understanding how the physical layout of the pharmacy may affect how pharmacists perform tasks. Method Link analysis is a systems engineering method used to describe the influence of the physical environment on task completion. This study used a secondary data set of field notes collected from nine hours of direct observation in one mass merchandise community pharmacy in Wisconsin. A node is an individual location in the environment. A link is the movement between two nodes. Tasks were inventoried and task themes identified. The mean, minimum, and maximum number of links needed to complete each task were then determined and used to construct a link table. A link diagram is a graphical display showing the links in conjunction with the physical layout of the pharmacy. Results A total of 92 unique tasks were identified resulting in 221 links. Tasks were sorted into five themes: patient care activities, insurance issues, verifying prescriptions, filling prescriptions, and other. Insurance issues required the greatest number of links with a mean of 4.75. Verifying prescriptions and performing patient care were the most commonly performed tasks with 36 and 30 unique task occurrences, respectively. Conclusion Link analysis provides an objective method for identifying how a pharmacist interacts with the physical environment to complete tasks. This method provides designers with useful information to target interventions to improve the effectiveness of pharmacist work. Analysis beyond link analysis should be considered for large scale system redesign.

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Ending Sales of Tobacco Products in Pharmacies

Abstract: Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.Data sharing statement Additional data, including specific product placements in each store and de\identified survey responses, are available by emailing the corresponding author.

Cited by 37 publications

References 29 publications

Retail Pharmacy Policy to End the Sale of Tobacco Products: What Is the Impact on Disparity in Neighborhood Density of Tobacco Outlets?

Retail Pharmacy Policy to End the Sale of Tobacco Products: What Is the Impact on Disparity in Neighborhood Density of Tobacco Outlets?

Global sale of tobacco products and electronic nicotine delivery systems in community pharmacies

Using link analysis to explore the impact of the physical environment on pharmacist tasks

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