Endiandric Acid Derivatives and Other Constituents of Plants from the Genera Beilschmiedia and Endiandra (Lauraceae)

Abstract

Plants of the Lauraceae family are widely used in traditional medicine and are sources of various classes of secondary metabolites. Two genera of this family, Beilschmiedia and Endiandra, have been the subject of numerous investigations over the past decades because of their application in traditional medicine. They are the only source of bioactive endiandric acid derivatives. Noteworthy is that their biosynthesis contains two consecutive non-enzymatic electrocyclic reactions. Several interesting biological activities for this specific class of secondary metabolites and other constituents of the two genera have been reported, including antimicrobial, enzymes inhibitory and cytotoxic properties. This review compiles information on the structures of the compounds described between January 1960 and March 2015, their biological activities and information on endiandric acid biosynthesis, with 104 references being cited.

Concise, diastereoconvergent synthesis of endiandric-type tetracycles by iterative cross coupling

“…22 Indeed, vastly more endiandric-type tetracycles have been isolated with fused skeletons (49) compared to their bridged isomers from this alternate Diels-Alder mode (3). 1 Further, all three of these bridged enoate metabolites are racemic in nature, and their fused analogs are known, strongly suggesting that enzymes do not mediate the Diels-Alder regioselectivity. Further studies on competitive biomimetic Diels-Alder reactions to give fused or bridged tetracycles are ongoing and will be reported in due course.…”

“…Approximately half of these secondary metabolites exhibit antibiotic, anti-inflammatory, antimalarial, antitubercular, or cytotoxic activity. 1 The vast majority of endiandric acid derivatives possess characteristic fused (1,2 Fig. 1) or bridged (2 and 3 3 ) tetracyclic cores, and most are optically inactive despite harboring multiple stereogenic centers.…”

Antimicrobial Effects of Thymoquinone on Entamoeba histolytica and Giardia lamblia.

“…An alternative to synthetic drugs is the search for anti-parasitic plant extracts or secondary metabolites derived from them. [17][18][19] The current study was designed to assess the Effects of thymoquinone on Entamoeba histolytica and Giardia lamblia. Seeds' oil of Nigella sativa (Ranunculaceae), is widely used as a food and cure.…”

Current Applications of Suzuki–Miyaura Coupling Reaction in The Total Synthesis of Natural Products: An update

“…Endiandric acid derivatives 329 are among the class of naturally occuring compunds which intially isolated from plants in the Endiandra and Beilschmiedia genera. Worthy to mention that roughly half of these secondary metabolites show biological activities such as being antimalarial, antitubercular antibiotic, anti‐inflammatory or cytotoxic activity . The vast majority of Endiandric acid derivatives possess characteristic fused or bridged tetracyclic cores.…”

“…Worthy to mention that roughly half of these secondary metabolites show biological activities such as being antimalarial, antitubercular antibiotic, anti-inflammatory or cytotoxic activity. [177] The vast majority of Endiandric acid derivatives possess characteristic fused [178] or bridged tetracyclic cores. In spite of having multiple chiral centers, most of them are optically inactive.…”