Endemism in Sardinia

Grill, Andrea; Casula, Paolo; Lecis, Roberta; Menken, Steph B. J.

doi:10.1007/1-4020-4904-8_10

Cited by 41 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…The first of these ecosystems was the Tyrrhenian Island of Sardinia (Migheli et al, 2008). Sardinia is located in the centre of the Medi- Samuels et al(2006) terranean basin, which is considered a hotspot of biodiversity and endemism (Médail and Quézal, 1999;Grill et al, 2006). Sardinia has become isolated since the early Miocene (7~8 Ma), and should thus have given rise to allopatric speciation events.…”

Section: Geographic Distribution Of Hypocrea/ Trichodermamentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal genus Hypocrea/Trichoderma: from barcodes to biodiversity

Kubicek

Komoń-Zelazowska

Druzhinina

2008

J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B

113

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Abstract:Hypocrea/Trichoderma is a genus of soil-borne or wood-decaying fungi containing members important to mankind as producers of industrial enzymes and biocontrol agents against plant pathogens, but also as opportunistic pathogens of immunocompromised humans and animals, while others can cause damage to cultivated mushroom. With the recent advent of a reliable, BarCode-aided identification system for all known taxa of Trichoderma and Hypocrea, it became now possible to study some of the biological fundamentals of the diversity in this fungal genus in more detail. In this article, we will therefore review recent progress in (1) the understanding of the geographic distribution of individual taxa; (2) mechanisms of speciation leading to development of mushroom diseases and facultative human mycoses; and (3) the possible correlation of specific traits of secondary metabolism and molecular phylogeny.

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Section: Geographic Distribution Of Hypocrea/ Trichodermamentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal genus Hypocrea/Trichoderma: from barcodes to biodiversity

Kubicek

Komoń-Zelazowska

Druzhinina

2008

J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B

113

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“…Among these, the island of Sardinia (Fig. 1) is one of the most important areas, for extension and richness of endemic species and sub-species (Bocchieri 1995;Grill et al 2005;Grill et al 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forest changes over a century in Sardinia: implications for conservation in a Mediterranean hotspot

2011

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The Mediterranean basin is one of the most important biodiversity hotspots. However, only 5% of its original vegetation is still in place, and the landscape has been managed and transformed by humans for at least the last two millennia. In the last century the mechanization of agriculture and the overuse of semi-natural habitats have influenced the region even more than before, with huge consequences, especially on islands. Sardinia is the second largest island in the Mediterranean basin, and it has been considered for long as a semi-natural area with an economy based on traditional agroforestry and pastoral practices. Considering four maps covering Sardinia and ranging from 1935 to 2007, we measured the rate of forest changes demonstrating a constant trend towards forest increase, and with a complete recovery of the total forest surface compared to the late 1800s.The traditional agroforestry practices decrease in time due to socio-economic reasons, with deeper consequences for the mosaic of traditional agricultural areas and semi-natural habitats, as well as for the conservation of the unique biodiversity of Sardinia. Species typically linked to Mediterranean forests recovered and are recovering, while species linked to traditional semi-natural landscapes decreased, facing conservation problems. We suggest that the current challenges for biodiversity conservation in the island should be focused together with the agricultural policies towards the preservation and improvement of traditional open areas, even important in the history of the entire Mediterranean hotspot.

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“…The Tyrrhenian islands and the Balkans, in particular, are noteworthy for their high number of plant endemics (Médail and Quezél 1997, 1999; Nikolić et al 2008; Fenu et al 2010; Bacchetta et al 2012), and mammal and invertebrate endemics (Holdhaus 1924, Vigne 1992, Muccedda et al 2002, Griffiths et al 2004, Grill et al 2007). Freshwater biodiversity has recently become a focus of attention throughout Europe, including the Mediterranean region with the Western Balkans and Sardinia (e.g., di Sabatino 2003, Zakšek et al 2009, Tierno de Figueroa et al 2013, Klobučar et al 2013, Weiss et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Description of a new species of Wormaldia from Sardinia and a new Drusus species from the Western Balkans (Trichoptera, Philopotamidae, Limnephilidae)

Vitecek¹,

Previšić²,

Kučinić³

et al. 2015

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New species are described in the genera Wormaldia (Trichoptera, Philopotamidae) and Drusus (Trichoptera, Limnephilidae, Drusinae). Additionally, the larva of the new species Drusus crenophylax sp. n. is described, and a key provided to larval Drusus species of the bosnicus-group, in which the new species belongs. Observations on the threats to regional freshwater biodiversity and caddisfly endemism are discussed.The new species Wormaldia sarda sp. n. is an endemic of the Tyrrhenian island of Sardinia and differs most conspicuously from its congeners in the shape of segment X, which is trilobate in lateral view. The new species Drusus crenophylax sp. n. is a micro-endemic of the Western Balkans, and increases the endemism rate of Balkan Drusinae to 79% of 39 species. Compared to other Western Balkan Drusus, males of the new species are morphologically most similar to Drusus discophorus Radovanovic and Drusus vernonensis Malicky, but differ in the shape of superior and intermediate appendages. The females of Drusus crenophylax sp. n. are most similar to those of Drusus vernonensis, but differ distinctly in the outline of segment X. Larvae of Drusus crenophylax sp. n. exhibit toothless mandibles, indicating a scraping grazing-feeding ecology.

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Endemism in Sardinia

Cited by 41 publications

References 53 publications

Fungal genus Hypocrea/Trichoderma: from barcodes to biodiversity

Fungal genus Hypocrea/Trichoderma: from barcodes to biodiversity

Forest changes over a century in Sardinia: implications for conservation in a Mediterranean hotspot

Description of a new species of Wormaldia from Sardinia and a new Drusus species from the Western Balkans (Trichoptera, Philopotamidae, Limnephilidae)

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