Endemic Goiter in Greece: Salivary Iodide Clearance in Goitrous and Nongoitrous Persons

Koutras, D. A.; Tassopoulos, C. N.; Marketos, S.

doi:10.1210/jcem-27-6-783

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Reduced iodine availability due to DHP can also affect the salivary glands. Iodine is incorporated into salivary glands via a different method and DHP inhibits the trapping step rather than the binding step, as in the thyroid (Koutras et al 1967;Harden et al 1968).…”

Section: Dhp Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Unravelling Leucaena leucocephala toxicity: ruminant studies in eastern Indonesia and Australia

Halliday¹

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The forage tree legume leucaena [Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit ssp. glabrata (Rose) Zarate] is a high-quality ruminant feed vitally important as a source of protein for livestock production in tropical regions. However, the presence of the acutely toxic nonprotein amino acid mimosine in leaves and seeds, and its breakdown to chronically toxic hydroxypyridones (DHP), was believed to limit its productivity and adversely affect animal health. The Australian development of a fermenter-cultured oral inoculum containing the DHP-degrading ruminal bacterium Synergistes jonesii in the 1980s was thought to overcome this issue; however, anecdotal evidence of leucaena toxicity symptoms occurring in inoculated animals remained. In response, a program of research was initiated to investigate the efficacy of S. jonesii as well as other methods of protection against toxicity in ruminants. Broadly, this involved two areas of research, namely the effectiveness of: (a) microbiological degradation via S. jonesii; and (b) non-microbial metabolic detoxification. Key objectives were to: (a) determine the efficacy of inoculation with S. jonesii both within Indonesia and Australia; (b) profile the toxicity status of ruminants in eastern Indonesia; (c) investigate the impact of mineral supplementation on 2,3-DHP toxicity; and (d) determine the extent of in vivo conjugation of DHP and its role in protecting ruminants against toxicity. Initially, an Indonesian study involving the transfer of rumen fluid from "protected" ruminants to naïve Bali bulls was conducted. Sequential monitoring of DHP levels in urine indicated that there was no effect of inoculation. Secondly, a controlled animal house experiment was conducted in Australia to measure the impact of high leucaena diets on production in naïve steers and the effect of inoculation with the commercial S. jonesii inoculum. Key findings were: (1) inoculation had no effect on total DHP excretion; (2) indigenous S. jonesii strains were present in naïve animals prior to inoculation; (3) DHP did not suppress thyroid hormone production; and (4) high levels of the isomer 2,3-DHP were present without accompanying signs of toxicity. The leucaena toxicity status of ruminants in eastern Indonesia was then assessed in a survey across the four islands of Lombok, Sumbawa, Sumba and West Timor. A number of different strains of S. jonesii, including the ATCC type strain (78.1), were detected, however S. jonesii was always at low population levels and always accompanied by high levels of undegraded 2,3-DHP in urine. Despite this apparent failure of S. jonesii to degrade DHP, there was no observed impact on animal productivity or health. Accordingly, vii Contributions by others to the thesis This thesis is the original work of Michael Halliday.

show abstract

Section: Dhp Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Unravelling Leucaena leucocephala toxicity: ruminant studies in eastern Indonesia and Australia

Halliday¹

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…We wondered whether minor defects of this type might be a factor in the actiology of nontoxic goitre, but could not demonstrate them in patients with goitre and iodine deficiency, or in patients with goitre with a normal Pll level (Harden, Chisholm, Shimmins & Alexander 1968). Koutras et al (1967), on the other hand, claimed to find such differences in the salivary iodide trap in non-goitrous iodinedeficient subjects but the only difference demonstrated was a difference in salivary flow rate. The saliva 1311/plasma PB1311 ratio has been suggested as a test of thyroid function (Thode et al 1954, Maglione et al 1966).…”

mentioning

confidence: 95%

Recent Advances in the Diagnosis of Endocrine Disease

Harden

Alexander

1968

Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Τα μή άναπτύσσοντα βρογχοκήλην άτομα, αντιθέτως, κατέχουν, κατά Κούτραν καί συν., 25 μίαν πλέον άποτελεσματικήν ικανότητα προσλή ψεως τοϋ ιωδίου, ώστε άντιρροποϋν τήν ένδειαν ιωδίου τοϋ περιβάλ- Πράγματι, πλην τών ημετέρων εργαστηριακών ευρημάτων, ύπερ της υπάρξεως γενικευμένης ίωδοπενίας συνηγορούν καί τα ευρήματα τών Μαλάμου καί συν., 34 ώς καί Κούτρα καί συν. 26 Ο ίπρώτοι άνεΰρον χαμηλός τιμάς ανόργανου ίωδίου τοΰ πλάσματος, δχι μόνον είς τους κατοίκους ενδημικών περιοχών, άλλα καί είς φυσιολογικούς μάρτυρας τών 'Αθηνών, εύρημα το οποίον, κατά τους συγγραφείς, αποτελεί ενδειξιν, ότι πιθανώς ολόκληρος ή χώρα θα ήδύνατο να έπωφεληθή άπο μίαν ίωδίωσιν τοΰ άλατος.…”

Section: ~3unclassified

Αι Τιμαι Της Καθηλωσεως Ι^131 Και Του Ρβι^131 Πλασματος Επι Φυσιολογι- Κων Παιδιων Εν Ελλαδι

Ματσιουλασ¹

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Endemic Goiter in Greece: Salivary Iodide Clearance in Goitrous and Nongoitrous Persons

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Unravelling Leucaena leucocephala toxicity: ruminant studies in eastern Indonesia and Australia

Unravelling Leucaena leucocephala toxicity: ruminant studies in eastern Indonesia and Australia

Recent Advances in the Diagnosis of Endocrine Disease

Αι Τιμαι Της Καθηλωσεως Ι^131 Και Του Ρβι^131 Πλασματος Επι Φυσιολογι- Κων Παιδιων Εν Ελλαδι

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About