End stage renal disease has an early and continuous detrimental effect on regulatory <scp>T</scp> cells

Sampani, Erasmia; Vagiotas, Lampis; Daikidou, Dimitra-Vasilia; Nikolaidou, Vasiliki; Xochelli, Aliki; Kasimatis, Efstratios; Lioulios, George; Dimitriadis, Chrysostomos; Fylaktou, Asimina; Papagianni, Aikaterini; Stangou, Μaria

doi:10.1111/nep.13996

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(64 reference statements)

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“…As for adaptive immunity, there is a prevalence of T helper 1 (Th1) responses, with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) patients having a reduced CD4+/CD8+ T-cell ratio (to a degree because the numbers of naïve and memory CD4+ T-cells drop, while those of CD8+ memory T-cells rise). Moreover, there is an increase in the number of CD4+CD28highly differentiated T-cells and a decrease in regulatory T-cell (T-reg), naïve and central memory T-cell concentrations [28][29][30]. Alterations in the thymic function (possibly related to inflammation-induced lymphoid organ volume loss), which is normally responsible for the generation of the TCR repertoire and the control of autoreactive T-cells, are partially accountable for the changes observed in T-cell immunity.…”

Section: Alterations In T-lymphocytesmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 Infection and Response to Vaccination in Chronic Kidney Disease and Renal Transplantation: A Brief Presentation

Stai

Λιούλιος

Christodoulou

et al. 2022

Life

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Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with phenotypic and functional changes in the immune system, followed by detrimental clinical consequences, such as severe infections and defective response to vaccination. Two years of the pandemic, due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), have undoubtedly changed the world; however, all efforts to confront infection and provide new generation vaccines tremendously improved our understanding of the mechanisms of the immune response against infections and after vaccination. Humoral and cellular responses to vaccines, including mRNA vaccines, are apparently affected in CKD patients, as elimination of recent thymic emigrant and naïve lymphocytes and regulatory T-cells, together with contraction of T-cell repertoire and homeostatic proliferation rate, which characterized CKD patients are responsible for impaired immune activation. Successful renal transplantation will restore some of these changes, although several epigenetic changes are irreversible and even accelerated by the induction of immunosuppression. Response to vaccination is definitely impaired among both CKD and RT patients. In the present review, we analyzed the differences in immune response after vaccination between these patients and healthy individuals and depicted specific parameters, such as alterations in the immune system, predisposing to this deficient response.

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Section: Alterations In T-lymphocytesmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 Infection and Response to Vaccination in Chronic Kidney Disease and Renal Transplantation: A Brief Presentation

Stai

Λιούλιος

Christodoulou

et al. 2022

Life

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“…We have previously estimated phenotypic alterations of T and B lymphocytes in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), at pre-dialysis stage, on dialysis treatment, and after renal transplantation [12][13][14][15]. The effect of ESRD on the immune phenotype proved to be unique; similar to senescence, albeit with substantial differences [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exhausted but Not Senescent T Lymphocytes Predominate in Lupus Nephritis Patients

Λιούλιος

Mitsoglou

Fylaktou³

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Lupus nephritis (LN), a chronic inflammatory disease, is characterized by the substantial disruption of immune homeostasis. This study examines its effects on the T lymphocyte phenotype and, particularly, its senescence- and exhaustion-related immune alterations. T cell subpopulations were determined with flow cytometry in 30 LN patients and 20 healthy controls (HCs), according to the expression of senescence- (CD45RA, CCR7, CD31, CD28, CD57), and exhaustion- (PD1) related markers. The immune phenotype was associated with disease activity and renal histology. LN patients were characterized by pronounced lymphopenia, mainly affecting the CD4 compartment, with a concurrent reduction in the naïve, central and effector memory subsets compared to the HCs. In the CD8 compartment, the naïve subsets were significantly lower than that of the HCs, but a shift in the T cells occurred towards the central memory population. CD4+PD1+ and CD8+PD1+ cells were increased in the LN patients compared to the HCs. However, in CD4 T cells, the increase was limited to CD45RA+, whereas in CD8 T cells, both CD45RA+ and CD45RA− subsets were affected. Disease activity was correlated with CD4+PD1+ and highly differentiated CD4+CD28-CD57+ cells. Histology was only associated with CD4 T cell disturbances, with stage IV presenting reduced naïve and increased senescent subsets. Exhausted T lymphocyte subpopulations predominate within LN patients, while the T cell phenotype varies depending on disease activity.

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“…Impaired innate immunity in HD patients may result in higher cytokine production against SARS-CoV-2 and induce a greater memory T cell response. Regulatory T cells, which are responsible for counteracting the overactivation of the immune response by producing IL-10, decrease with increasing HD vintage in HD patients [ 21 ]. However, a previous study demonstrated that COVID-19-infected HD patients have higher numbers of CD39+ regulatory T cells than COVID-19-infected control patients [ 22 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cellular and Humoral Immune Responses after Breakthrough Infection in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis

et al. 2023

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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) following primary immunization (breakthrough infection) has been reported in hemodialysis patients; however, their post-infection immune status remains unclear. We evaluated the humoral and cellular immunity of hemodialysis patients after breakthrough infection. Hemodialysis patients who had received primary immunization against COVID-19 at least six months prior to the study but developed mild/moderate COVID-19 before a booster dose (breakthrough infection group) and hemodialysis patients who were not infected with COVID-19 but received a booster dose (booster immunization group) were recruited. In both groups, SARS-CoV-2 antigen-specific cytokines and IgG levels were measured three weeks after infection or three weeks after receiving a booster dose. Memory T and B cells were also counted in the breakthrough infection group using flow cytometry three weeks after infection. Significantly higher SARS-CoV-2 antigen-specific IgG, IFN-γ, IL-5, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels occurred in the breakthrough infection group compared to the booster immunization group (p = 0.013, 0.039, 0.024, 0.017, and 0.039, respectively). The SARS-CoV-2 antigen-specific IgG and cytokine levels were not significantly different between the two groups. The breakthrough infection group had significantly higher percentages of central and effector memory T cells and regulatory T cells than the comparison group (p = 0.008, 0.031, and 0.026, respectively). Breakthrough infections may induce stronger cellular and humoral immune responses than booster immunizations in hemodialysis patients.

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End stage renal disease has an early and continuous detrimental effect on regulatory T cells

Cited by 7 publications

References 21 publications

COVID-19 Infection and Response to Vaccination in Chronic Kidney Disease and Renal Transplantation: A Brief Presentation

COVID-19 Infection and Response to Vaccination in Chronic Kidney Disease and Renal Transplantation: A Brief Presentation

Exhausted but Not Senescent T Lymphocytes Predominate in Lupus Nephritis Patients

Cellular and Humoral Immune Responses after Breakthrough Infection in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis

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