End products of metabolism in the anaerobic ciliate<i>Trimyema compressum</i>

Goosen, Nico K.; Drift, Chris van der; Stumm, Claudius K.; Vogels, Godfried D.

doi:10.1111/j.1574-6968.1990.tb04195.x

Cited by 40 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(6 reference statements)

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“…It is plausible that the lack of host-affiliated hydrogenase genes in the metatranscriptome is due to bias in the library preparation protocol and/or the relative incompleteness of the putative host subset of the metatranscriptome. However, it is also possible that the brown ciliate does not have hydrogenase genes, or, if it does, did not express them under the picking and cleaning conditions; for example, micro-oxic conditions ceases hydrogen production by the anaerobic ciliate Trimyema compressum (Goosen, van der Drift, Stumm, & Vogels, 1990).…”

Section: Brown Ciliate Energy Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights into the metabolic functioning of a multipartner ciliate symbiosis from oxygen‐depleted sediments

et al. 2018

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Symbioses between anaerobic or microaerophilic protists and prokaryotes are common in anoxic and oxygen-depleted habitats ranging from marine sediments to gastrointestinal tracts. Nevertheless, little is known about the mechanisms of metabolic interaction between partners. In these putatively syntrophic associations, consumption of fermentative end products (e.g., hydrogen) by the prokaryotic symbionts is thought to facilitate protistan anaerobic metabolism. Here, we employed metagenomic and metatranscriptomic sequencing of a microaerophilic or anaerobic karyorelictid ciliate and its prokaryotic symbionts from oxygen-depleted Santa Barbara Basin (CA, USA) sediments to assess metabolic coupling within this consortium. This sequencing confirmed the predominance of deltaproteobacterial symbionts from the Families Desulfobacteraceae and Desulfobulbaceae and suggested active symbiont reduction of host-provided sulphate, transfer of small organic molecules from host to symbionts and hydrogen cycling among the symbionts. In addition, patterns of gene expression indicated active cell division by the symbionts, their growth via autotrophic processes and nitrogen exchange with the ciliate host. Altogether, this research underscores the importance of symbiont metabolism to host fermentative metabolism and, thus, likely its success in anoxic and low-oxygen habitats, but also suggests ciliate-associated prokaryotes play a role in important biogeochemical processes.

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Section: Brown Ciliate Energy Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights into the metabolic functioning of a multipartner ciliate symbiosis from oxygen‐depleted sediments

et al. 2018

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“…Several lineages of anaerobic ciliates possess hydrogenosomes (van Bruggen et al 1983;Ellis et al 1991;Fenchel & Finlay 1995), and the hydrogenosome-containing lineages are dispersed across the phylogenetic diversity of the group (Embley et al 1995). Major metabolic end products measured for the anaerobic ciliate Trimyema compressa included acetate, lactate, ethanol, formate and hydrogen along with traces of succinate (Goosen et al 1990). The biochemistry and ecology of the rumen ciliates Dasytricha ruminantium and Isotricha spp.…”

Section: Other Eukaryotes With Hydrogenosomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy metabolism among eukaryotic anaerobes in light of Proterozoic ocean chemistry

Mentel

Martin

2008

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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Recent years have witnessed major upheavals in views about early eukaryotic evolution. One very significant finding was that mitochondria, including hydrogenosomes and the newly discovered mitosomes, are just as ubiquitous and defining among eukaryotes as the nucleus itself. A second important advance concerns the readjustment, still in progress, about phylogenetic relationships among eukaryotic groups and the roughly six new eukaryotic supergroups that are currently at the focus of much attention. From the standpoint of energy metabolism (the biochemical means through which eukaryotes gain their ATP, thereby enabling any and all evolution of other traits), understanding of mitochondria among eukaryotic anaerobes has improved. The mainstream formulations of endosymbiotic theory did not predict the ubiquity of mitochondria among anaerobic eukaryotes, while an alternative hypothesis that specifically addressed the evolutionary origin of energy metabolism among eukaryotic anaerobes did. Those developments in biology have been paralleled by a similar upheaval in the Earth sciences regarding views about the prevalence of oxygen in the oceans during the Proterozoic (the time from ca 2.5 to 0.6 Ga ago). The new model of Proterozoic ocean chemistry indicates that the oceans were anoxic and sulphidic during most of the Proterozoic. Its proponents suggest the underlying geochemical mechanism to entail the weathering of continental sulphides by atmospheric oxygen to sulphate, which was carried into the oceans as sulphate, fuelling marine sulphate reducers (anaerobic, hydrogen sulphide-producing prokaryotes) on a global scale. Taken together, these two mutually compatible developments in biology and geology underscore the evolutionary significance of oxygen-independent ATP-generating pathways in mitochondria, including those of various metazoan groups, as a watermark of the environments within which eukaryotes arose and diversified into their major lineages.

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Hydrogenosomes and Symbiosis

Hackstein

Yarlett

2005

Molecular Basis of Symbiosis

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End products of metabolism in the anaerobic ciliateTrimyema compressum

Cited by 40 publications

References 17 publications

Insights into the metabolic functioning of a multipartner ciliate symbiosis from oxygen‐depleted sediments

Insights into the metabolic functioning of a multipartner ciliate symbiosis from oxygen‐depleted sediments

Energy metabolism among eukaryotic anaerobes in light of Proterozoic ocean chemistry

Hydrogenosomes and Symbiosis

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