End product yields from the extraruminal fermentation of various polysaccharide, protein and nucleic acid components of biofuels feedstocks

Weimer, Paul J.

doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2010.11.050

Cited by 22 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…This may mask differences between cellulose and xylan degradation. It has been reported that the degradation of hemicelluloses leads to a higher CH 4 formation per unit of dry matter supplied as compared to cellulose when batch-incubated in rumen fluid in vitro; however, this difference was no longer evident after 123 transfers and 9.7 months of cultivation (Weimer 2011). In the present study, 2.5 months after isolation of the microbial cultures from the rumen, also no difference between cellulose and xylan in terms of CH 4 production (mL 24 h −1 and % of total gas) has been found (exception: higher CH 4 volume with xylan in the E. maggii-containing culture).…”

Section: Effects Of Carbohydrate Typementioning

confidence: 96%

“…Besides, the different rumen ciliate species have different constitution of genes necessary for (fiber) degradation (Bera-Maillet et al 2005;Ricard et al 2006) and differ in their capacity to degrade structural carbohydrates (Michałowski et al 2001(Michałowski et al , 2003. The SCFA fermentation pattern and CH 4 formation are known to be influenced by different pure carbohydrates (Weimer 2011;Poulsen et al 2012). However, data on the contribution of individual ciliate species to total microbial fermentation of pure carbohydrates is lacking.…”

Section: E-mail Address: Jzeitz@gmxde (Jo Zeitz)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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In vitro methane formation and carbohydrate fermentation by rumen microbes as influenced by selected rumen ciliate species

Zeitz

Kreuzer

Soliva

2013

European Journal of Protistology

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Ciliate protozoa contribute to ruminal digestion and emission of the greenhouse gas methane. Individual species of ciliates co-cultured with mixed prokaryote populations were hypothesized to utilize carbohydrate types differently. In an in vitro batch culture experiment, 0.6 g of pure cellulose or xylan was incubated for 24 h in 40-mL cultures of Entodinium caudatum, Epidinium ecaudatum, and Eudiplodinium maggii with accompanying prokaryotes. Irrespective of ciliate species, gas formation (mL) and short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) concentrations (mmol L(-1)) were higher with xylan (71; 156) than with cellulose (52; 105). Methane did not differ (7.9% of total gas). The SCFA profiles resulting from fermentation of the carbohydrates were similar before and after removing the ciliates from the mixed microbial population. However, absolute methane production (mL 24 h(-1)) was lower by 50% on average after removing E. caudatum and E. maggii. Methanogen copies were less without E. maggii, but not without E. ecaudatum. Within 3 weeks part of this difference was compensated. Butyrate proportion was higher in cultures with E. maggii and E. ecaudatum than with E. caudatum and only when fermenting xylan. In conclusion, the three ciliate species partly differed in their response to carbohydrate type and in supporting methane formation. AbstractCiliate protozoa contribute to ruminal digestion and emission of the greenhouse gas methane. Individual species of ciliates co-cultured with mixed prokaryote populations were hypothesized to utilize carbohydrate types differently. In an in vitro batch culture experiment, 0.6 g of pure cellulose or xylan was incubated for 24 h in 40-mL cultures of Entodinium caudatum, Epidinium ecaudatum, and Eudiplodinium maggii with accompanying prokaryotes. Irrespective of ciliate species, gas formation (mL) and short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) concentrations (mmol L −1 ) were higher with xylan (71; 156) than with cellulose (52; 105). Methane did not differ (7.9% of total gas). The SCFA profiles resulting from fermentation of the carbohydrates were similar before and after removing the ciliates from the mixed microbial population. However, absolute methane production (mL 24 h −1 ) was lower by 50% on average after removing E. caudatum and E. maggii. Methanogen copies were less without E. maggii, but not without E. ecaudatum. Within 3 weeks part of this difference was compensated. Butyrate proportion was higher in cultures with E. maggii and E. ecaudatum than with E. caudatum and only when fermenting xylan. In conclusion, the three ciliate species partly differed in their response to carbohydrate type and in supporting methane formation.

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Section: Effects Of Carbohydrate Typementioning

confidence: 96%

Section: E-mail Address: Jzeitz@gmxde (Jo Zeitz)mentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro methane formation and carbohydrate fermentation by rumen microbes as influenced by selected rumen ciliate species

Zeitz

Kreuzer

Soliva

2013

European Journal of Protistology

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“…Ruminal contents were obtained from two non-lactating ruminally fistulated Holstein cows, and were processed as described previously (Weimer, 2011) to obtain the mixed ruminal microflora inoculum. The cows were maintained under protocol A1104 approved by the University of Wisconsin College of Agricultural and Life Sciences Animal Care and Use Committee.…”

Section: Microorganismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Headspace H 2 and CH 4 were determined by gas chromatography as previously described (Weimer, 2011). Soluble fermentation end products (VFA, ethanol, lactate and succinate) were determined by HPLC following treatment of culture supernatants with Ca(OH) 2 and CuSO 4 , followed by precipitation of excess Ca ++ with H 2 SO 4 (Weimer et al, 1991).…”

Section: Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of medium-chain volatile fatty acids by mixed ruminal microorganisms is enhanced by ethanol in co-culture with Clostridium kluyveri

Weimer

Nerdahl

Brandl

2015

Bioresource Technology

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127

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“…Among these, the most attractive medium in which these enzymes are present in the ruminant's digestive system because ruminants have an efficient digestive system with a unique microbial symbiosis owing to the diet of the ruminants which consists of high amounts of fibrous matter. There are at least 30 predominant bacterial species at a total concentration of 10 10 to 10 11 bacteria/ml of rumen liquor [9] that plays a critical role in fiber degradation [10,11] . Most attempts have been made to isolate anaerobic microbes from rumen samples that require strict anaerobic conditions and are difficult to maintain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bizon Sindirim Sisteminden İzole Edilen Bacillus spp.’den Selülaz ve Ksilanaz Üretiminin Değerlendirilmesi

Raza¹,

Bashir²,

Tabassum³

2018

Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg

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Cellulases and xylanases have high industrial demand due to their paramount importance in biological processes. The present study was aimed to evaluate the fiber degrading potential of Bacillus spp. isolated from buffalo digestive system. A total of fourteen isolates from rumen and eight isolates from dung were screened on carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC; 1%) agar plates, showing clear zone of CMC hydrolysis. All screened isolates were confirmed by targeting the 16S rRNA gene, sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. The enzyme activity index (EAI) of all screened isolates was calculated and it was observed that BR28 (Bacillus subtilis), BR96 (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens), BD69 (Bacillus tequilensis) and BD92 (Bacillus sonorensis) exhibit 2.11, 2.05, 2.56 and 2.45 EAI, respectively. The isolates with high EAI (>2) were selected for further enzyme production studies. The results of enzyme activities showed that BD92 had higher endoglucanse (carboxymethyl-cellulase, CMCase, 240.76±4.12 U/L) and avicelase (153.56±7.28 U/L) activities after 72 h of incubation. However, BR96 showed highest xylanase (3379.27±10.58 U/L) activity than others isolates and previously reported studies. This study provides a helpful insight into the identification of Bacillus spp. from the buffalo digestive system with higher production of cellulases and xylanases for their application in the animal feed industry.

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End product yields from the extraruminal fermentation of various polysaccharide, protein and nucleic acid components of biofuels feedstocks

Cited by 22 publications

References 26 publications

In vitro methane formation and carbohydrate fermentation by rumen microbes as influenced by selected rumen ciliate species

In vitro methane formation and carbohydrate fermentation by rumen microbes as influenced by selected rumen ciliate species

Production of medium-chain volatile fatty acids by mixed ruminal microorganisms is enhanced by ethanol in co-culture with Clostridium kluyveri

Bizon Sindirim Sisteminden İzole Edilen Bacillus spp.’den Selülaz ve Ksilanaz Üretiminin Değerlendirilmesi

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