End-of-life decision tool with emphasis on remanufacturing

Paterson, David A.; Ijomah, Winifred; Windmill, James F. C.

doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.02.011

Cited by 66 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…• reuse/resell involves re-using a product if it meets sufficient quality levels [38][39][40]; • repair aims to recover a used product to "working order" by fixing/replacing specified faults using service and spare parts [41]; • refurbish involves returning products to a specific quality level, usually less than that of a new product [42]; • recondition involves returning the quality of a product to a satisfactory level (typically less than a virgin standard or new product) giving the resultant product a warranty less than that of a newly manufactured equivalent [41,43]. Reconditioned products have gone through more extensive testing and repair than refurbished products [42]; • remanufacture is a circularity strategy whereby EoL products are restored to the original equipment manufacturers' standard, and receive a warranty at least equal to a newly manufactured product [44][45][46]; • repurpose involves using post-used products for a different purpose and application compared to the original product [32,47,48]; • cannibalization is an activity of recovering parts from returned products.…”

Section: The Circular Economy and Product Circularity Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Multi-Criteria Evaluation Method of Product-Level Circularity Strategies

et al. 2020

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The circular economy (CE) can drive sustainability. For companies to select and implement circularity strategies, they need to evaluate and compare the performance of these strategies both in terms of progress towards CE but also based on their feasibility and business outcomes. However, evaluation methods for circularity strategies at the product level are lacking. Therefore, this research proposes a multi-criteria evaluation method of circularity strategies at the product level which can be used by business decision-makers to evaluate and compare the initial business of the company, transformative and future circularity strategies. This multi-criteria evaluation method aims to assist business decision-makers to identify a preferred strategy by linking together a wide variety of criteria, i.e., environmental, economic, social, legislative, technical, and business, as well as by proposing relevant indicators that take into consideration, where possible, the life cycle perspective. It also allows for flexibility so that criteria, sub-criteria, and weighing factors can be altered by the business decision-makers to fit the needs of their specific case or product. Two illustrative examples based on case companies are presented to verify and illustrate the proposed method.

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Section: The Circular Economy and Product Circularity Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Multi-Criteria Evaluation Method of Product-Level Circularity Strategies

et al. 2020

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“…Similarly, defects in end-of-life marine components such as the crankpin journal surface consist of ridges, cuts, and grooves that are restored through grinding on a stationary machine [27]. Likewise, Restoration is one of the critical activities in remanufacturing since the core components have to be reverted to their original performance [17]. In a manual restoration process, the general activities include crack repairing, overlaying of material, and welding to restore the original dimensions of parts and components [18].…”

Section: Producersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Additive Manufacturing for Repair and Restoration in Remanufacturing: An Overview from Object Design and Systems Perspectives

2019

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Repair and restoration is an important step in remanufacturing as it ensures end-of-life products are returned to as-new condition before entering the subsequent life cycle. Currently, such processes are carried out manually by skilled workers. The advent of additive manufacturing (AM) has encouraged researchers to investigate its potential in automated repair and restoration, thus rendering it as a more effective method for remanufacturing. However, the application of this widespread technology for repair and restoration in remanufacturing is still new. This paper provides an overview of the principles and capabilities offered by the existing metal AM technology for object repair and restoration namely, direct energy deposition, powder bed fusion, and cold spray technology. Their applications in the repair and restoration of remanufacturable components are presented and discussed along with issues requiring attention from the perspectives of object design and process systems capabilities. The study provides a compilation of the challenges in AM repair and restoration, which primarily lie in the aspects of geometrical complexity, geometric dimensioning and tolerancing, material compatibility, and pre-processing requirements since it is critical for remanufacturing to restore end-of-life components to as new-condition. The paper concludes with suggestions for further works in AM restoration to enable product life cycle extension in the circular economy.

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“…A core is not waste or scrap and is not intended to be reused before remanufacturing" [4], While not explicit in the above definition in that a single product may be classed as a core, typically a core is series of assembled components, for example an automotive engine. [29], describe a core as a "…product constructed through a manufacturing assembly process involving different parts" [29], Further, a typical remanufacturing operation involves 6 generic processes; (1) acceptance and cleaning of a core, (2) the disassembly or stripping of a core, (3) the cleaning of core components, (4) rebuilding, restoration and replacement of non-remanufacturable core parts, (5) core assembly or re-assembly and (6) core testing [5, 21-23, 27-29, 30, 31, 33]. Fig.…”

Section: Remanufacturing Definitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Given that recycle, reuse and remanufacturing are understood as separate processes within literature [17,21,23,[26][27][28][29][30] and noting that literature's opinion or viewpoint is formed by studying operations conducted within industry, it is important to remain consistent with existing litearture. However, it has thus far been shown that remanufacturing has potentially a presence in recycle and reuse, which are both recovery operations of the ELV directive.…”

Section: Establishing Remanufacturing As a Stand Alone Strategymentioning

confidence: 99%

Incorporating remanufacturing into the end-of-life vehicles directive: current presence and the waste problem

et al. 2018

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte.Abstract Within the End-of-Life Vehicles (ELV) directive, various terminology and practices are outlined to ultimately divert waste from landfill, including reuse, recycle, recovery, treatment, prevention and economic operators. Remanufacturing terminology is not explicitly stated however. Further, leading global automotive remanufacturers, have recently agreed upon a collective definition of what constitutes automotive remanufacturing. With a view to establishing remanufacturing as a stand-alone process within the ELV directive going forward, this research analyses where remanufacturing is currently situated within the ELV directive, highlighting obstacles, with a strong focus on 'waste terminology', of directly incorporating remanufacturing into the ELV directive and presents guidance on incorporating remanufacturing moving forward. By ignoring the concept of waste, this study found that remanufacturing processes are generally classed under reuse, recycling and recovery terminology with remanufacturing also having a tenuous relationship with treatment facilities and economic operators. In addition to highlighting the issues caused by remanufacturing spanning across recycle and reuse terminology, by incorporating waste, this research also found that automotive associations definition of remanufacturing is not able to be incorporated into the ELV directive directly. A workable solution, taking both the objectives of the ELV directive and the view of the automotive associations into consideration, was however found, and is presented in this work.

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End-of-life decision tool with emphasis on remanufacturing

Cited by 66 publications

References 15 publications

A Multi-Criteria Evaluation Method of Product-Level Circularity Strategies

A Multi-Criteria Evaluation Method of Product-Level Circularity Strategies

Additive Manufacturing for Repair and Restoration in Remanufacturing: An Overview from Object Design and Systems Perspectives

Incorporating remanufacturing into the end-of-life vehicles directive: current presence and the waste problem

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