End-of-day Lighting with Different Red/Far-red Ratios Using Light-emitting Diodes Affects Plant Growth of Chrysanthemum × morifolium Ramat. ‘Coral Charm’

Lund, Janni Bjerregaard; Blom, Theo J.; Aaslyng, Jesper Mazanti

doi:10.21273/hortsci.42.7.1609

Cited by 50 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…During twilight, light signatures are enriched in far‐red wavelengths, which may lead to decreased chlorophyll synthesis (Kasperbauer and Peaslee, 1973). Previous studies have determined that a reduced red to far‐red light ratio during twilight hours can control plant growth and the timing of flowering (Linkosalo and Lechowicz, 2006; Lund et al, 2007). This effect could be more significant for species coming from low and middle latitudes such as S. densiflora , since responses to red light can change with latitude (Mølmann et al, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotypic plasticity of invasive Spartina densiflora (Poaceae) along a broad latitudinal gradient on the Pacific Coast of North America

Castillo

Grewell

Pickart³

et al. 2014

American J of Botany

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• Premise of the study: Phenotypic acclimation of individual plants and genetic differentiation by natural selection within invasive populations are two potential mechanisms that may confer fitness advantages and allow plants to cope with environmental variation. The invasion of Spartina densiflora across a wide latitudinal gradient from California (USA) to British Columbia (Canada) provides a natural model system to study the potential mechanisms underlying the response of invasive populations to substantial variation in climate and other environmental variables. • Methods: We examined morphological and physiological leaf traits of Spartina densiflora plants in populations from invaded estuarine sites across broad latitudinal and climate gradients along the Pacific west coast of North America and in favorable conditions in a common garden experiment. • Key results: Our results show that key foliar traits varied widely among populations. Most foliar traits measured in the field were lower than would be expected under ideal growing conditions. Photosynthetic pigment concentrations at higher latitudes were lower than those observed at lower latitudes. Greater leaf rolling, reduced leaf lengths, and lower chlorophyll and higher carbon concentrations were observed with anoxic sediments. Lower chlorophyll to carotenoids ratios and reduced nitrogen concentrations were correlated with sediment salinity. Our results suggest that the variations of foliar traits recorded in the field are a plastic phenotypic response that was not sustained under common garden conditions. • Conclusions: Spartina densiflora shows wide differences in its foliar traits in response to environmental heterogeneity in salt marshes, which appears to be the result of phenotypic plasticity rather than genetic differentiation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotypic plasticity of invasive Spartina densiflora (Poaceae) along a broad latitudinal gradient on the Pacific Coast of North America

Castillo

Grewell

Pickart³

et al. 2014

American J of Botany

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“…Generally, plants elongate under a low R:FR ratio. For example, chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum ·morifolium) was grown under a 9-h SD with EOD lighting for 30 min at a photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) of 1 to 3 mmol · m -2 · s -1 with either a high (2.4) or low (0.4) R:FR (Lund et al, 2007). Plant height after 3 weeks increased by 50% to 75% with EOD lighting at the low R:FR compared with the high ratio.…”

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confidence: 99%

Regulating Flowering and Extension Growth of Poinsettia Using Red and Far-red Light-emitting Diodes for End-of-day Lighting

Zhang¹,

Runkle²

2019

horts

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Manipulating light quality is a potential alternative method of regulating plant height in the commercial production of ornamental crops. In particular, end-of-day (EOD) lighting with a high red (R; 600-700 nm) to far-red (FR; 700-800 nm) ratio (R:FR) can suppress extension growth, whereas a low R:FR can promote it. We investigated the effects of the R:FR and duration of EOD lighting in regulating extension growth and flowering of two poinsettia cultivars, White Glitter and Marble Star. Plants were grown at 20 8C under 9-hour days with or without EOD lighting provided by two types of lightemitting diode bulbs: R+white+FR (subsequently referred to as R+FR) and FR only. The R:FR ratios were 0.73 and 0.04, respectively, and the photon flux density between 400 and 800 nm was adjusted to 2 to 3 mmol · m L2 · s -1 at plant canopy. The six EOD lighting treatments were R+FR or FR for 2 or 4 hours, 2 hours of R+FR followed by 2 hours of FR, and 4 hours of R+FR followed by 2 hours of FR. We also investigated the impact of a 4hour moderate-intensity (13 mmol · m L2 · s -1 ) EOD FR treatment in the second replication. EOD lighting generally increased poinsettia extension growth, with the greatest promotion under the longest lighting periods. There were no differences in days to first bract color and days to anthesis when the 9-hour day was extended by 2 hours, but flowering was delayed under 4-or 6-hour EOD treatments, except for the 2-hour R+FR + 2-hour FR and 4-hour FR treatments. Four hours of moderate-intensity EOD FR greatly promoted extension growth and delayed or prevented bract coloration in both cultivars. We conclude that EOD lighting promotes extension growth of poinsettia, and specifically, EOD FR at a low intensity (2-3 mmol · m L2 · s -1 ) is not perceived as long-day signal, whereas a higher intensity (13 mmol · m L2 · s -1 ) of FR delays flowering.

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“…In phytochrome studies, when incandescent lamps were used as the light source, they were always combined with a spectral cut filter to eliminate non-FR radiations. Lund et al (2007) examined effects of R/FR ratios (0.4 and 0.7) in the EOD-FR treatment on stem elongation of chrysanthemum plants, showing a greater degree of stem elongation at a R/FR ratio of 0.4 than 0.7. In our experiment, we compared the effects of EOD-FR lighting with a 0.05 to 0.47 R/FR ratio achieved by use of incandescent lamps and spectral filters.…”

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confidence: 99%

End-of-day Far-red Light Quality and Dose Requirements for Tomato Rootstock Hypocotyl Elongation

Chia¹,

Kubota

2010

horts

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Plant morphology control is a critical technique in commercial greenhouse transplant production. Light treatment at the end of the day affects a phytochrome-regulated response affecting plant height among other characteristics and has been studied by biologists for many years. Recognizing the need to produce long hypocotyls in vegetable grafting, effects of end-of-day far-red (EOD-FR) light on tomato rootstock hypocotyl elongation were investigated. Two commercial rootstock cultivars, Aloha (Solanum lycopersicum) and Maxifort (S. lycopersicum × S. habrochaites), were used for the experiments examining responses to EOD-FR light quality [red to far-red ratio (R/FR)] and EOD-FR light dose in a greenhouse environment. In the EOD-FR light quality experiment using ‘Aloha’ seedlings, incandescent light (R/FR = 0.47) induced significant hypocotyl elongation (20%) compared with the untreated control. Incandescent light with a spectral cut filter (reducing R/FR to 0.05) induced a greater hypocotyl elongation (44%) than unfiltered light, confirming the importance of use of light with a lower R/FR (or purer FR) light source in EOD-FR treatments. In the experiment on EOD-FR light dose–response, hypocotyl elongation of both ‘Aloha’ and ‘Maxifort’ was increased by increasing FR intensity as well as FR treatment duration at a lower dose range. The dose saturation curve of hypocotyl length was well described using a Michaelis-Menten-type model with FR dose (in mmol·m−2·d−1) as an independent variable. The model-based estimation of 90% saturating FR light dose for ‘Aloha’ and ‘Maxifort’ was 5 to 14 mmol·m−2·d−1 and 8 to 15 mmol·m−2·d−1, respectively, although practical near saturation dose seems to be 2 to 4 mmol·m−2·d−1 for both cultivars. None of the EOD-FR treatments affected plant dry weight, stem diameter, or plastochron index. Hence, elongation was achieved without compromising growth and development. EOD-FR was shown to be an effective non-chemical means allowing transplant propagation industry to produce long hypocotyls for grafting use.

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End-of-day Lighting with Different Red/Far-red Ratios Using Light-emitting Diodes Affects Plant Growth of Chrysanthemum × morifolium Ramat. ‘Coral Charm’

Cited by 50 publications

References 23 publications

Phenotypic plasticity of invasive Spartina densiflora (Poaceae) along a broad latitudinal gradient on the Pacific Coast of North America

Phenotypic plasticity of invasive Spartina densiflora (Poaceae) along a broad latitudinal gradient on the Pacific Coast of North America

Regulating Flowering and Extension Growth of Poinsettia Using Red and Far-red Light-emitting Diodes for End-of-day Lighting

End-of-day Far-red Light Quality and Dose Requirements for Tomato Rootstock Hypocotyl Elongation

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