End-of-conflict deforestation: Evidence from Colombia’s peace agreement

Prem, Mounu; Saavedra, Santiago; Vargas, Juan F.

doi:10.1016/j.worlddev.2019.104852

Cited by 73 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Key to meeting our objectives was understanding the influence of armed conflict and deforestation on respondents' perceptions. To measure the relationship between perceptions regarding insecurity due to armed conflict and visible forest loss occurring in the study area, we used available municipal-level data related to warfare violence in Colombia (Prem et al 2014) and Hansen et al's (2013) remotely sensed forest cover change measurements for 2008-2018 from Version 1.6 of their global dataset (Table S1).…”

Section: Deforestation and Armed Conflictmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The available armed conflict data were compiled by Prem et al (2014), and they detail the number of armed guerrilla attacks and deaths related to combat and other insurgency-military confrontations with various armed groups during 1997-2003 (Table S1). Most of these guerrilla attacks in the studied municipalities occurred between 1994 and 2002.…”

Section: Deforestation and Armed Conflictmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Perception of conservation strategies and nature’s contributions to people around Chingaza National Natural Park, Colombia

et al. 2020

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Summary A conventional conservation strategy is establishing protected areas to help combat anthropogenic and climate change impacts on tropical ecosystems, but the effectiveness of these measures is often hampered in upland areas by resource conflicts among armed groups, citizens and government institutions. Improved governance and community participation are key to effectively conserving these areas, yet little is known regarding citizen perceptions in such places. Here, a representative protected area in Colombia is used in order to analyse rural and urban citizen perceptions regarding conservation, conflicts with guerrilla groups and nature’s contributions to people (NCPs) around Chingaza National Natural Park. We used on-site, semi-structured in-person surveys, geospatial data and statistics to understand these perceptions and the roles of armed conflict and deforestation. Perceptions on ecosystem degradation were correlated with deforestation and past guerrilla attacks. Age and place of residence were influential pro-conservation factors, while younger respondents were most willing to invest time in conservation activities. Air purification and water supply and quality were the most identified NCPs and citizens differentiated conservation-related recreation activities from natural resource extraction. We suggest that the legacy of past armed conflict still affects conservation strategies and communities living near tropical highland protected areas.

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Section: Deforestation and Armed Conflictmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Deforestation and Armed Conflictmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perception of conservation strategies and nature’s contributions to people around Chingaza National Natural Park, Colombia

et al. 2020

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“…In this sense, there is no consensus in the literature, because education, labor, and social cohesion peacebuilding programs had mixed effects on violence (Findley 2018). At present, some aspects of the recent peace negotiations in Colombia suggest unintended effects on violence and deforestation (Prem et al 2018;Prem, Saavedra, and Vargas 2020).…”

Section: Figure 1 Evolution Of Social Leaders' Killings Ratementioning

confidence: 99%

Unintended Consequences of Alternative Development Programs: Evidence From Colombia's Illegal Crop Substitution

Llanes

2020

SSRN Journal

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http://economia.uniandes.edu.co Impreso en Colombia-Printed in Colombia La serie de Documentos de Trabajo CEDE se circula con propósitos de discusión y divulgación. Los artículos no han sido evaluados por pares ni sujetos a ningún tipo de evaluación formal por parte del equipo de trabajo del CEDE. El contenido de la presente publicación se encuentra protegido por las normas internacionales y nacionales vigentes sobre propiedad intelectual, por tanto su utilización, reproducción, comunicación pública, transformación, distribución, alquiler, préstamo público e importación, total o parcial, en todo o en parte, en formato impreso, digital o en cualquier formato conocido o por conocer, se encuentran prohibidos, y sólo serán lícitos en la medida en que se cuente con la autorización previa y expresa por escrito del autor o titular. Las limitaciones y excepciones al Derecho de Autor, sólo serán aplicables en la medida en que se den dentro de los denominados Usos Honrados (Fair use), estén previa y expresamente establecidas, no causen un grave e injustificado perjuicio a los intereses legítimos del autor o titular, y no atenten contra la normal explotación de la obra.

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“…Columns 3 and 6 of Table 6 add as an additional control an indicator of FARC presence, as described in Prem et al (2019a) and Prem et al (2019b), interacted with the time fixed-effects. Again, this flexibly controls for differential trends at the municipality level parametrized by FARC presence prior to the announcement.…”

Section: Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The last analysis that we undertake is to explore the extent of which state presence at the local level helps attenuate the negative unintended consequences of the policy announcement. In particular, we follow Bonilla-Mejía and Higuera-Mendieta (2019) and Prem et al (2019b), and use protected areas within municipalities as places with higher relatively state presence to explore potential heterogeneous effects. 27 These areas are protected by the central government due to their environmental value and density of native as well as endangered species.…”

Section: Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Rise and Persistence of Illegal Crops: Evidence from a Naive Policy Announcement

2019

Self Cite

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Well-intended policies often have negative unintended consequences if they fail to foresee the different ways in which individuals may respond to the new set of incentives. When widespread and persistent, these may lead to a net reduction of social welfare. Focusing on the case of anti-drug policies, in this paper we show that the recent unprecedented surge in the growing of illicit coca crops in Colombia was the result of a naive and untimely policy announcement during peace negotiations between the government and the FARC guerrillas. On May 2014, the parties' peace delegations issued a press release announcing that coca-growing farmers would receive material incentives for voluntary crop substitution once a final agreement had been reached. To evaluate the anticipation effect of this announcement we exploit the cross sectional variation on both the cost advantage of growing coca (using an ecological measure of coca suitability) and the expected benefits of doing so (using a predicted measure of where the material benefits would have been targeted). Coca plantations levels remained high even after the implementation of the announced incentives' scheme. We explain this persistence by documenting that the surge in coca growing is differentially higher in areas with presence illegal armed groups, that benefited financially from availability of a key input in the drug trade.JEL Classification: K42, D78.We thank Alvaro Balcazar, Andrés Bermudez, and Charu Prem for helpful comments and suggestions. Andrés Rivera and David Vargas provided excellent research assistance. We thank SIMCI-UNODC for facilitating access to the coca cultivation data.

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End-of-conflict deforestation: Evidence from Colombia’s peace agreement

Cited by 73 publications

References 25 publications

Perception of conservation strategies and nature’s contributions to people around Chingaza National Natural Park, Colombia

Perception of conservation strategies and nature’s contributions to people around Chingaza National Natural Park, Colombia

Unintended Consequences of Alternative Development Programs: Evidence From Colombia's Illegal Crop Substitution

The Rise and Persistence of Illegal Crops: Evidence from a Naive Policy Announcement

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