Encountering MicroRNAs in Cell Fate Signaling

Karp, Xantha; Ambros, Victor R.

doi:10.1126/science.1121566

Cited by 304 publications

(188 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…[1][2][3] They exert their actions at post-transcriptional level, either via translational repression and/or mRNA degradation. 4,5 As the 'noncoding RNA revolution' continues to unfold, a large number of microRNAs have been associated with tumorigenesis and suspected to mechanistically participate in this complex process.…”

Section: Small Size Regulators With Far-reaching Impactmentioning

confidence: 99%

A microRNA component of the hypoxic response

et al. 2008

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microRNAs participate in a wide variety of physiological and pathological cellular processes. Recent studies have established a link between a specific group of microRNAs and hypoxia, a key feature of the neoplastic microenvironment. A significant proportion of the hypoxia-regulated microRNAs (HRMs) are also overexpressed in human cancers, suggesting a role in tumorigenesis. Preliminary evidence suggests that they could affect important processes such as apoptosis, proliferation and angiogenesis. Several HRMs exhibit induction in response to HIF activation, thus extending its repertoire of targets beyond translated genes. In the present review, we discuss the emerging roles of HRMs in oxygen deprivation in cancer context.

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Section: Small Size Regulators With Far-reaching Impactmentioning

confidence: 99%

A microRNA component of the hypoxic response

et al. 2008

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“…miRNAs have been reported to be important in diverse biological and pathological processes, including cell differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, heart disease, neurological disorders and human cancer (10). Among the known miRNAs, the small regulatory RNA microRNA-21 (miRNA-21) is crucial in a number of biological functions and diseases, including development, cancer, cardiovascular diseases and inflammation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MicroRNA-21 regulation of the progression of viral myocarditis to dilated cardiomyopathy

Ding

Zhang

et al. 2014

Molecular Medicine Reports

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Abstract. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) comprise a broad class of small non-coding RNAs that control the expression of complementary target messenger RNAs. The dysregulation of miRNAs by several mechanisms has been described in various disease states, including cardiac disease. Although an etiological link between viral myocarditis (VMC) and idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) has long been recognized, the true extent of this association is uncertain. Previous studies of the two diseases have focused on protein degradation systems. In the present study, miR-21 expression and its potential role in VMC and DCM was investigated. The expression levels of miR-21, its target gene sprouty homolog 1 (SPRY1) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) were measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The protein levels of SPRY1 and MAPK were also determined by western blotting. miR-21 levels were significantly increased in cardiac myocytes from VMC and DCM in comparison with control samples. The levels of SPRY1 were decreased and MAPK activity was increased. Using a bioinformatics-based approach, an identical potential binding site was identified in mouse miR-21 and the SPRY 3' untranslated region (3' UTR), suggesting a regulatory role for miR-21. In cultured, miRNA-transfected myocardial cells, the overexpression of miR-21 was associated with a decrease in SPRY1 protein expression and an increased expression of the MAPK protein. These findings revealed that changes in the expression of miRNAs may contribute to the pathogenesis of VMC to DCM and establish the therapeutic efficacy of miRNA targeted intervention in a cardiovascular disease setting.

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“…MicroRNAs represent approximately 1% to 2% of the eukaryotic transcriptome and have been shown to play critical roles in the coordination of cell differentiation, proliferation, death, and metabolism (1,3,6,7,17,24) and more recently in tumorigenesis (2,5,6,10,13,20,21). Indeed, a significant percentage of microRNA-encoding genes are located at fragile sites, minimal loss-of-heterozygosity regions, minimal regions of amplification, or common breakpoint regions in cancers.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A MicroRNA Signature of Hypoxia

Kulshreshtha

Ferracin

Wojcik

et al. 2007

Molecular and Cellular Biology

976

906

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Recent research has identified critical roles for microRNAs in a large number of cellular processes, including tumorigenic transformation. While significant progress has been made towards understanding the mechanisms of gene regulation by microRNAs, much less is known about factors affecting the expression of these noncoding transcripts. Here, we demonstrate for the first time a functional link between hypoxia, a welldocumented tumor microenvironment factor, and microRNA expression. Microarray-based expression profiles revealed that a specific spectrum of microRNAs (including miR-23, -24, -26, -27, -103, -107, -181, -210, and -213) is induced in response to low oxygen, at least some via a hypoxia-inducible-factor-dependent mechanism. Select members of this group (miR-26, -107, and -210) decrease proapoptotic signaling in a hypoxic environment, suggesting an impact of these transcripts on tumor formation. Interestingly, the vast majority of hypoxiainduced microRNAs are also overexpressed in a variety of human tumors.

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Encountering MicroRNAs in Cell Fate Signaling

Cited by 304 publications

References 10 publications

A microRNA component of the hypoxic response

A microRNA component of the hypoxic response

MicroRNA-21 regulation of the progression of viral myocarditis to dilated cardiomyopathy

A MicroRNA Signature of Hypoxia

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