Encoding information using Laguerre Gaussian modes over free space turbulence media

Trichili, Abderrahmen; Salem, Amine Ben; Dudley, Angela; Zghal, Mourad; Forbes, Andrew

doi:10.1364/ol.41.003086

Cited by 89 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Modal sets based upon OAM have the potential advantage of being circular, and hence match the typical telescope aperture, are rotationally invariant with respect to detection [90], have components available for efficient mode separation [91], and in some situations maintain their orthogonal properties of the modal set even when subject to aperture restrictions [92]. A particular concern in the use of spatial modes has been the impact of time-varying atmospheric aberrations and how they might result in cross-talk between the modes [93][94][95].…”

Section: Oam In Communicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Orbital angular momentum 25 years on [Invited]

2017

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Twenty-five years ago Allen, Beijersbergen, Spreeuw, and Woerdman published their seminal paper establishing that light beams with helical phase-fronts carried an orbital angular momentum. Previously orbital angular momentum had been associated only with high-order atomic/molecular transitions and hence considered to be a rare occurrence. The realization that every photon in a laser beam could carry an orbital angular momentum that was in excess of the angular momentum associated with photon spin has led both to new understandings of optical effects and various applications. These applications range from optical manipulation, imaging and quantum optics, to optical communications. This brief review will examine some of the research in the field to date and consider what future directions might hold.Published by The Optical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI. References and links J. H. Poynting, "The wave motion of a revolving shaft, and a suggestion as to the angular momentum in a beam of circularly polarised light," Proc. R. Soc. Lond., A Contain. Pap. Math. Phys. Character 82(557), 560-567 (1909). 2. C. G. Darwin, "Notes on the theory of radiation," Proc. R. Soc. Lond., A Contain. Pap. Math. Phys. Character 136(829), 36-52 (1932). 3. L. Allen, M. W. Beijersbergen, R. J. C. Spreeuw, and J. P. Woerdman, "Orbital angular momentum of light and the transformation of Laguerre-Gaussian laser modes," Phys. Rev. A 45(11), 8185-8189 (1992). 4. J. Courtial, K. Dholakia, L. Allen, and M. J. Padgett, "Gaussian beams with very high orbital angular momentum," Opt. Commun. 144(4-6), 210-213 (1997). 5. A. M. Yao and M. J. Padgett, "Orbital angular momentum: origins, behavior and applications," Adv. Opt.Photonics 3(2), 161-204 (2011). 6. M. Padgett, "Light's twist," Proc. Math. Phys. Eng. Sci. 470(2172), 20140633 (2014). 7. C. Tamm, "Frequency locking of two transverse optical modes of a laser," Phys. Rev. A Gen. Phys. 38(11), 5960-5963 (1988). 8. P. Coullet, G. Gil, and F. Rocca, "Optical vortices," Opt. Commun. 73(5), 403-408 (1989). 9. J. F. Nye and M. V. Berry, "Dislocations in wave trains," Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A Math. Phys. Sci. 336(1605), 165-190 (1974). 10. M. V. Berry, J. F. Nye, and F. Wright, "The elliptic umbilic diffraction catastrophe," Philos. Trans. R. Soc.Lond. A 291(1382), 453-484 (1979). 11. M. W. Beijersbergen, L. Allen, H. E. L. O. van der Veen, and J. P. Woerdman, "Astigmatic laser mode converters and transfer of orbital angular momentum," Opt. Commun. 96(1-3), 123-132 (1993). 12. M. W. Beijersbergen, R. P. C. Coerwinkel, M. Kristensen, and J. P. Woerdman, "Helical-wavefront laser beams produced with a spiral phaseplate," Opt. Commun. 112(5-6), 321-327 (1994 Padgett, D. J. Gauthier, and R. W. Boyd, "High-dimensional quantum cryptography with twisted light," New J.

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Section: Oam In Communicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Orbital angular momentum 25 years on [Invited]

2017

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“…This form of encoding creates new opportunities for both classical (118) and quantum (119) technologies. One specific implementation that has been demonstrated by a number of groups is the encoding of information in the orbital angular momentum (OAM) states of light, such as the Laguerre-Gaussian modes (118), (119), (120), (121), (122) .…”

Section: Olga Kocharovskayamentioning

confidence: 99%

Light, the universe and everything – 12 Herculean tasks for quantum cowboys and black diamond skiers

Agarwal

Allen

Bezděková

et al. 2018

Journal of Modern Optics

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The Winter Colloquium on the Physics of Quantum Electronics (PQE) has been a seminal force in quantum optics and related areas since 1971. It is rather mindboggling to recognize how the concepts presented at these conferences have transformed scientific understanding and human society. In January, 2017, the participants of PQE were asked to consider the equally important prospects for the future, and to formulate a set of questions representing some of the greatest aspirations in this broad field. The result is this multi-authored paper, in which many of the world's leading experts address the following fundamental questions:(1) What is the future of gravitational wave astronomy? (2) Are there new quantum phases of matter away from equilibrium that can be found and exploited -such as the time crystal? (3) Quantum theory in uncharted territory: What can we learn? (4) What are the ultimate limits for laser photon energies? (5) What are the ultimate limits to temporal, spatial, and optical resolution? (6) What novel roles will atoms play in technology? (7) What applications lie ahead for nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond? (8) What is the future of quantum coherence, squeezing, and entanglement for enhanced superresolution and sensing? (9) How can we solve (some of) humanity's biggest problems through new quantum technologies? (10) What new understanding of materials and biological molecules will result from their dynamical characterization with free electron lasers? (11) What new technologies and fundamental discoveries might quantum optics achieve by the end of this century? (12) What novel topological structures can be created and employed in quantum optics?

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“…Additional deployment challenges of OAM communication over turbulent channels were discussed [201]- [203]. In laboratories, atmospheric turbulence conditions have been simulated in laboratories, using SLMs [206], heated pipes [207], static diffractive plates [208] and rotating phase plates [209], in order to analyze its effects on OAM carrying beams. The most common model for the aforementioned laboratoryemulated turbulence is the Kolmogorov model.…”

Section: A Free Space Propagation Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Communicating Using Spatial Mode Multiplexing: Potentials, Challenges, and Perspectives

Trichili

Park

Zghal

et al. 2019

IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutorials

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184

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Time, polarization, and wavelength multiplexing schemes have been used to satisfy the growing need of transmission capacity. Using space as a new dimension for communication systems has been recently suggested as a versatile technique to address future bandwidth issues. We review the potentials of harnessing the space as an additional degree of freedom for communication applications including free space optics, optical fiber installation, underwater wireless optical links, on-chip interconnects, data center indoor connections, radio frequency and acoustic communications. We focus on the orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes and equally identify the challenges related to each of the applications of spatial modes and the particular OAM modes in communication. We further discuss the perspectives of this emerging technology. Finally, we provide the open research directions and we discuss the practical deployment of OAM communication links for different applications. ). 4 in the future. We also summarize the open problems and the future research directions. A discussion of the practicability and cost of multi-OAM communication is also included. II. OAM POTENTIALS A. Free Space Optical CommunicationFSO is a license free wireless communication configuration that has recently received much interest for a variety of applications. FSO is an attractive solution for last mile connectivity problems, particularly for communication networks, when the installation of fiber optics is costly or not possible [66]. FSO can be also used to establish inter-building secure communication, and can be deployed as a backup to optical fibers. Wireless optical communication can guarantee a line-of-sight (LoS) high bit rate wireless transmission over long distances, up to several kilometers. Furthermore, FSO communication is considered as a promising technique to scale down bandwidth challenges in future 5G networks [67].Multiple wavelength FSO provides better transmission, as demonstrated in [68], [69]. Data can be mapped on advanced modulation formats to achieve high bit rates and high spectral efficiency levels [70]- [72]. Another option is multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) FSO communication in which multiple lasers are positioned to transmit Gaussian beams to multiple receiving apertures [73]. Over the last few years, it has been proven that it is possible to transmit information over spatially structured light beams [21], [74], [75] including OAM beams and plane waves. Our focus is on the OAM modes of light.The first PoC communication experiment incorporating OAMs in free space was carried out in 2004 by Gibson and co-workers [21]. Over a 15-meter long link, 8 -spaced values were chosen along the Gaussian beam as an alphabet for the communication. OAM beams were generated and detected using two light modulators. Since then, much progress has been made and free space transmission capacity of over 1 Tbit/s is, today, possible [76]- [78]. By performing three dimensional multiplexing, Huang and co-workers were able to attain a 100 Tbi...

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Encoding information using Laguerre Gaussian modes over free space turbulence media

Cited by 89 publications

References 33 publications

Orbital angular momentum 25 years on [Invited]

Orbital angular momentum 25 years on [Invited]

Light, the universe and everything – 12 Herculean tasks for quantum cowboys and black diamond skiers

Communicating Using Spatial Mode Multiplexing: Potentials, Challenges, and Perspectives

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