Encephalitis-Associated Human Metapneumovirus Pneumonia in Adult, Australia

Fok, Anthony; Mateevici, Cristina; Lin, Belinda; Chandra, Ronil V.; Chong, Victor H T

doi:10.3201/eid2111.150608

Cited by 14 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 10 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…As in the study by Fok et al ( 4 ), our case supports consideration of HMPV as a causative agent of acute encephalitis after respiratory tract infection in adults. We could not demonstrate direct or indirect evidence of HMPV CSF invasion as the cause for HMPV-associated encephalitis in an adult, in contrast to a case in a child in which detection of HMPV in CSF suggested a causative role in acute encephalitis ( 1 ).…”

supporting

confidence: 90%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Cerebrospinal Fluid Findings in an Adult with Human Metapneumovirus–Associated Encephalitis

Jeannet¹,

Hoogen²,

Schefold³

et al. 2017

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

supporting

confidence: 90%

“…Recently, Fok et al ( 4 ) described an encephalitis case in an adult but were unable to test cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for HMPV. Following authors’ recommendations, we performed diagnostic testing on the CSF of an adult with HMPV-associated encephalitis.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebrospinal Fluid Findings in an Adult with Human Metapneumovirus–Associated Encephalitis

Jeannet¹,

Hoogen²,

Schefold³

et al. 2017

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…During the last two decades, sporadic cases of febrile seizures, encephalitis and encephalopathies (associated with epileptic symptoms) have been described. Viral material was detected within the CNS in some clinical cases of encephalitis/encephalopathy [130][131][132][133][134] but, at present, no experimental data from any animal model exist that would help to understand the underlying mechanism associated with hMPV neuroinvasion and potential neurovirulence.…”

Section: Respiratory Viruses With Neuroinvasive and Neurotropic Propementioning

confidence: 99%

Human Coronaviruses and Other Respiratory Viruses: Underestimated Opportunistic Pathogens of the Central Nervous System?

Desforges

Coupanec

Dubeau

et al. 2019

Viruses

929

997

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Respiratory viruses infect the human upper respiratory tract, mostly causing mild diseases. However, in vulnerable populations, such as newborns, infants, the elderly and immune-compromised individuals, these opportunistic pathogens can also affect the lower respiratory tract, causing a more severe disease (e.g., pneumonia). Respiratory viruses can also exacerbate asthma and lead to various types of respiratory distress syndromes. Furthermore, as they can adapt fast and cross the species barrier, some of these pathogens, like influenza A and SARS-CoV, have occasionally caused epidemics or pandemics, and were associated with more serious clinical diseases and even mortality. For a few decades now, data reported in the scientific literature has also demonstrated that several respiratory viruses have neuroinvasive capacities, since they can spread from the respiratory tract to the central nervous system (CNS). Viruses infecting human CNS cells could then cause different types of encephalopathy, including encephalitis, and long-term neurological diseases. Like other well-recognized neuroinvasive human viruses, respiratory viruses may damage the CNS as a result of misdirected host immune responses that could be associated with autoimmunity in susceptible individuals (virus-induced neuro-immunopathology) and/or viral replication, which directly causes damage to CNS cells (virus-induced neuropathology). The etiological agent of several neurological disorders remains unidentified. Opportunistic human respiratory pathogens could be associated with the triggering or the exacerbation of these disorders whose etiology remains poorly understood. Herein, we present a global portrait of some of the most prevalent or emerging human respiratory viruses that have been associated with possible pathogenic processes in CNS infection, with a special emphasis on human coronaviruses.

show abstract

“…In addition to respiratory diseases, hMPV has been associated with neurological complications in a handful of cases (acute encephalopathy, encephalitis, and seizures) reported in the literature. [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] The "California Encephalitis Project, 1998-2000" concluded that the etiological diagnosis of encephalitis remains inconclusive in more than two thirds of cases despite extensive testing. 16 The results of the California Encephalitis Project were reported before hMPV was described as a virus and thus it may be one cause of some of the unknowns.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Metapneumovirus

Koppisetty¹,

Skrzynski²,

Lauter³

et al. 2016

Infect Dis Clin Pract

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Human metapneumovirus (hMPV) is an emerging pathogen well known to cause respiratory tract infections in children and adults. It is responsible for approximately 5% to 10% of all hospitalizations of children due to acute respiratory tract infections. The hMPV can cause severe illness in children, immunocompromised persons, and the elderly, which can progress to severe respiratory failure requiring hospitalization and mechanical ventilation. Transmission occurs via contact with contaminated respiratory secretions (droplet, aerosol). The hMPV is rarely known to cause central nervous system complications. Descriptions of this syndrome are limited to case reports, most of which have been in children. Reports suggest that this virus has been linked to diseases of the central nervous system including acute encephalopathy, encephalitis, and febrile seizures. Review of the literature revealed only one confirmed case of hMPV isolated from the cerebrospinal fluid of a patient with concurrent encephalitis. We describe an adult patient with acute meningoencephalitis associated with hMPV, in whom a respiratory virus panel with polymerase chain reaction was positive for hMPV on nasopharyngeal swab, but was negative on the cerebrospinal fluid specimen.

show abstract

Encephalitis-Associated Human Metapneumovirus Pneumonia in Adult, Australia

Cited by 14 publications

References 10 publications

Cerebrospinal Fluid Findings in an Adult with Human Metapneumovirus–Associated Encephalitis

Cerebrospinal Fluid Findings in an Adult with Human Metapneumovirus–Associated Encephalitis

Human Coronaviruses and Other Respiratory Viruses: Underestimated Opportunistic Pathogens of the Central Nervous System?

Human Metapneumovirus

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About