Encapsulation of β‐carotene in 2‐hydroxypropyl‐β‐cyclodextrin/carrageenan/soy protein using a modified spray drying process

Abstract

The objective of this study was to produce ternary complex encapsulates to improve solubility and bioaccessibility of the b-carotene (b-c). A modified spray drying process was used to produce encapsulated b-c particles with 2-hydroxypropyl-b-cyclodextrin (HbCD), carrageenan (CRG), and soy protein (SP). Physicochemical properties, dissolution behaviour, and in vitro gastrointestinal (GI) stability of the encapsulate were studied. The optimised ternary complex (b-c/HbCD/CRG/SP) particles had a spherical shape with a particle size of 726.1 nm, polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.41, the zeta potential of À45 mV, and higher retention of b-c with 84% encapsulation efficiency. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis revealed that encapsulates are in the amorphous state and had excellent solubility. The bioaccessibility of b-c was found to be significantly higher for b-c/HbCD/CRG/SP (78%), compared to b-c/HbCD (34%) and b-c/HbCD/CRG (62%), in the in vitro study. This study concludes that the HbCD/CRG/SP ternary complex facilitates a potential delivery system for hydrophobic bioactive compounds with improved solubility and bioaccessibility.

Formulation Approaches to Crystalline Status Modification for Carotenoids: Impacts on Dissolution, Stability, Bioavailability, and Bioactivities

“…Moreover, the antitumor activity was also improved [ 86 ]. The β-carotene/2-hydroxylproply-β-cyclodextrin/carrageenan/soy protein complex was also proposed and presented as an amorphous state in the DSC thermogram; it showed excellent bioaccessibility (78%) [ 87 ]. Astaxanthin has been prepared as a complex as well.…”

Physicochemical properties and mechanism of solubilised neohesperidin system based on inclusion complex of hydroxypropyl‐β‐cyclodextrin

“…Several methods have been applied to improve the solubility and bioavailability of low‐water‐soluble drugs, such as crystal modification (Gaitano et al ., 2016), change in particle size (Shegokar & Muller, 2010), amorphous (Onoue et al ., 2011), solid dispersion (SDs) (Vo et al ., 2013), microenvironmental pH modification (Yang et al ., 2014) and cyclodextrin inclusion (Kwak et al ., 2011; Flores & Kong, 2021; Lakshmanan et al ., 2021). Among these methods, cyclodextrin encapsulation is the most commonly used.…”