Encapsulation of a powdery spinel-type Li+ ion sieve derived from biogenic manganese oxide in alginate beads

Abstract

A powdery lithium ion sieve (HMO) derived from biogenic birnessite was homogeneously integrated in sodium alginate (AL) beads. The composite beads were then characterized and their Li + adsorption properties were investigated. Scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy analysis showed that the HMO particles were homogeneously dispersed in the AL beads even after drying. The adsorption isotherm of Li + adsorption to HMO encapsulated in AL beads (HMO-AL) was well fitted by the linear Langmuir model, and the beads showed a maximum adsorption capacity of 3.61 mmol/g based on HMO, which is comparable with the value of the original powdery HMO. Kinetic studies revealed that adsorption of Li + follows a pseudo-second-order model with rate constant k 2 = 2.8-11.9 × 10 −3 g/(mmol min) for the initial Li + concentration range 2.56-4.23 mM. Diffusion of Li + from aqueous solution to the HMO particle through the Ca-AL network is the rate-limiting step for Li + adsorption to HMO-AL beads. The HMO-AL beads enhanced the handling efficiency for Li + adsorption and reused without significant reduction of Li + adsorption efficacy.

Macroporous Hydrogen Manganese Oxide/Al2O3 for Effective Lithium Recovery from Seawater: Effects of the Macropores vs Mesopores

“…11−15 Not only synthetic polymeric materials but also natural material derived binders have been also investigated for granulation of HMO. 16,17 Ma et al synthesized HMO foam by using pitch as binding material and polyurethane as template. 17 Unfortunately, these binding materials tend to block HMO and interfere with seawater diffusion, thereby decreasing the Li adsorption performance.…”

“…A variety of polymeric materials, such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC), poly­(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), polyacrylonitrile (PAN), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), and polyacrylamide (PAM), have been used as binding materials for HMO granulation. − Not only synthetic polymeric materials but also natural material derived binders have been also investigated for granulation of HMO. , Ma et al synthesized HMO foam by using pitch as binding material and polyurethane as template . Unfortunately, these binding materials tend to block HMO and interfere with seawater diffusion, thereby decreasing the Li adsorption performance.…”

Granulation of Lithium-Ion Sieves (LISs) Using Biopolymers: A Review

“…Contrary to several reports on the use of organic and inorganic materials as binders for the granulation of metal-based LISs, reports on the use of biopolymers as binders are limited in the open literature (cf. Figure 4) [24,[49][50][51][52][53][54][71][72][73][74][75][76][77][78][79]. Additionally, there are currently no review articles that highlight the available knowledge gaps on the use of biopolymers as binders for the granulation of LISs.…”

“…Additionally, there are currently no review articles that highlight the available knowledge gaps on the use of biopolymers as binders for the granulation of LISs. Most recent studies have focused on the use of chitosan, alginate, agar, and cellulose as binders to prepare granulated LISs [24,[49][50][51][52][53][54][71][72][73][74][75][76][77][78][79]. For instance, numerous studies [49][50][51][52][53] have reported on the use of chitosan in various forms (cross-linked and non-cross-linked) as binder for the granulation of LISs.…”

Synthesis of H4Mn5O12 Nanotubes Lithium Ion Sieve and Its Adsorption Properties for Li+ from Aqueous Solution

“…Lithium and its compounds are widely used in many fields, especially in Li‐ion battery, electric vehicles and portable electronic device, which decides the surging requirement of lithium resources annually . Various techniques such as liquid‐liquid extraction, precipitation, ion exchange, membrane process, desalination and adsorption have been reported for separation and purification of lithium from mines and Salt Lake brines . Among these methods, adsorption is an ideal and the most promising method compared to other techniques due to the low concentration of lithium in local brines, convenience of operation, lower cost, efficient, recyclable and being a relatively more environment friendly process .…”