substance transport in the energy storage/ conversion processes. [13][14][15] To meet the requirements of particular applications, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), a newly emerging class of porous hybrid materials, has been rapidly developed. [16][17][18][19][20] MOFs, also named as porous coordination networks (PCNs) [21] or porous coordination polymers (PCPs), [22] are built from metal nodes (ions or clusters) and a variety of organic linkers to form 1D, 2D, and 3D structures. [23] Compared with conventional porous materials like zeolites, active carbons, and mesoporous silicas, these hybrid inorganic-organic materials possess particular advantages like ultrahigh surface areas (up to 10 000 m 2 g −1 ), well-defined pore sizes (up to 9.8 nm), and large pore volumes with low density (≈0.13 g cm −3 ). [24][25][26] Moreover, MOFs could meet the particular requirements of different applications by feasibly selecting welldefined bridging ligands and metal-based secondary building units (SBUs) through a variety of controllable construction approaches including the predesign [27] and postsynthesis methods. [28] The captivating and unique features make MOFs exhibit fascinating performance in many applications including gas adsorption, [29] drug delivery, [30] luminescence, [31] sensors, [32] magnetism, [33] and others. Especially, electrochemical applications and catalysis of MOFs have attracted tremendous interests in the present energy field. [34] In addition to pristine MOFs, the nanospace of MOFs can be used to encapsulate guest nanomaterials, for example, metal nanoparticles (MNPs), which have shown superior catalytic performances in a series of energy applications. [35][36][37] The organic and metal components of MOFs can also be used as templates/precursors to produce functional nanomaterials, including carbon nanomaterials and metal/ metal oxide materials as well as their composites. [38][39][40][41][42] The present article summarizes our group's research progress on the developments of MNP@MOF composites and MOF derivatives and their energy applications (Scheme 1). We will comprehensively discuss their design and synthetic strategies, structures, and properties as well as their performances in catalysis and electrochemical applications. An outlook and prospective for future works with these MOF-based materials will be presented, especially for energy applications.
MOF Composites for CatalysisDue to the inherent properties and unique advantages as discussed above, the use of MOFs for catalysis has been widely Serious environmental problems, growing demand for energy, and the pursuit of environmental-friendly, sustainable, and effective energy technologies to store and transform clean energy have all drawn great attention recently. As a part of the special issue "Energy Research in National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)" this review systematically summarizes the research progress of metal-organic framework (MOF) composites and derivatives in energy applications, including catalyti...