Encapsulating eutectogels for stretchable humidity-resistant strain sensors

Wan, Xiaohua; He, Yunfeng; Li, Caicong; Yang, Canhui

doi:10.1039/d3sm00026e

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(66 reference statements)

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“…Real‐time resistance ( R ) of the eutectogel sensor was calculated from the I − t curve, which was measured by an electrochemical workstation (CHI 660E, CH Instruments Co., Ltd) at a constant voltage of 2 V, as stated in previous literature 15,28,29 . The relative resistance (Δ R / R 0 ) of the eutectogel sensor was calculated by the following equation:

\frac{Δ R}{R_{0}} = \frac{R - R_{0}}{R_{0}},

where R 0 is the resistance of the original state and R is the resistance of the stretched state.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

One‐step preparation of highly conductive eutectogel for a flexible strain sensor

Fan,

Peng,

Yang

et al. 2024

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Gels with excellent ionic conductivity and resilience to temperature extremes are sought in practical applications due to their potential for building flexible and wearable soft electronics. In this work, highly conductive eutectogels are fabricated by one‐step polymerization of (3‐acrylamidopropyl) trimethyl ammonium chloride in deep eutectic solvents (DESs). Owing to the ion‐conductive polymer networks facilitating ion conduction, these eutectogels exhibit a significant enhancement in ionic conductivity (27.1 mS cm−1), demonstrating an order of magnitude higher than that of pure DES. Furthermore, due to several unique properties of DES, these eutectogels exhibit excellent stretchability (>1000%), good adhesion, as well as nonflammability performance over a wide temperature range (−40 to 100°C). Moreover, the strain sensor based on the eutectogel shows a highly sensitive response (gauge factor = 6.92) to a broad strain range (from 450% to 550%), enabling the accurate and reliable detection of various human movements. Additionally, our findings reveal that the eutectogel‐based sensor displays a comparable pattern of response curves with negligible signal deterioration, even at extreme temperatures of −20 and 60°C. The results of this work will promote novel applications in the construction of flexible and safe devices.

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\frac{Δ R}{R_{0}} = \frac{R - R_{0}}{R_{0}},

where R 0 is the resistance of the original state and R is the resistance of the stretched state.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

One‐step preparation of highly conductive eutectogel for a flexible strain sensor

Fan,

Peng,

Yang

et al. 2024

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…We have recently fabricated elastomer‐coated eutectogels with satisfactory hydrophobicity. [ 116 ] The hydrophobic elastomer coating successfully suppressed water exchange without harming underlying eutectogels. [ 116 ] Moreover, hydrophobic eutectogels as underwater adhesives have also been recently put forward using polymerizable DESs.…”

Section: Outlooksmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[116] The hydrophobic elastomer coating successfully suppressed water exchange without harming underlying eutectogels. [116] Moreover, hydrophobic eutectogels as underwater adhesives have also been recently put forward using polymerizable DESs. [117] Further researches are needed on hydrophobic ionogels available for practical marine environments.…”

Section: Outlooksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress of Hydrophobic Ionogels: A Review

Wan

et al. 2023

Macromol. Rapid Commun.

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The emergence of hydrophobic ionogels composed of hydrophobic polymer matrices and hydrophobic ionic liquids has drastically broadened the applications of ionic devices, especially for underwater explorations. Compared with traditional ionogels, hydrophobic ones are capable of achieving long‐term stability in ambient and aqueous environments. In this review, the latest research developments of intrinsically hydrophobic ionogels are summarized, with particular emphases placed on the materials, mechanisms and applications. The basic issues about hydrophobic ionogels, including the material systems, dynamic gelation bonds and network structures are elucidated. The up‐to‐date advent of the ambient/underwater applications of hydrophobic ionogels concerning adhesion, self‐healing, and sensing are comprehensively summarized. Special attention is paid to underwater scenarios considering the rapid development of marine explorations and the intrinsic properties of hydrophobic ionogels. Finally, the current challenges and immediate opportunities of this emerging yet fast‐developing research field are discussed.

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“…Figure 2e summarizes the modulus and toughness parameters of the DEI system prepared through various toughening methods, such as phase separation DEIs, [8,[32][33][34] block copolymer DEIs, [35][36][37] nanocomposite DEIs, [18,[38][39][40] and dual network DEIs. [22,41,42] Impressively, our AHCE material has the most outstanding modulus (99.1 MPa) and toughness (70.6 MJ m −3 ) among all previous literature.…”

Section: Mechanical Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase‐Segregated Ductile Eutectogels with Ultrahigh Modulus and Toughness for Antidamaging Fabric Perception

Zhang,

Li,

et al. 2023

Small

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Ionogels are extremely soft ionic materials that can undergo large deformation while maintaining their structural and functional integrity. Ductile ionogels can absorb energy and resist fracture under external load, making them an ideal candidate for wearable electronics, soft robotics, and protective gear. However, developing high‐modulus ionogels with extreme toughness remains challenging. Here, a facile one‐step photopolymerization approach to construct an acrylic acid (AA)‐2‐hydroxyethylacrylate (HEA)‐choline chloride (ChCl) eutectogel (AHCE) with ultrahigh modulus and toughness is reported. With rich hydrogen bonding crosslinks and phase segregation, this gel has a 99.1 MPa Young's modulus and a 70.6 MJ m−3 toughness along with 511.4% elongation, which can lift 12 000 times its weight. These features provide extreme damage resistance and electrical healing ability, offering it a protective and strain‐sensitive coating to innovate anticutting fabric with motion detection for human healthcare. The work provides an effective strategy to construct robust ionogel materials and smart wearable electronics for intelligent life.

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Encapsulating eutectogels for stretchable humidity-resistant strain sensors

Abstract: Eutectogels are stretchable ionic conductors extensively developed in recent years, owing to their distinct advantages of low cost, non-volatility, non-toxicity, and outstanding biocompatibility. However, the susceptibility to humidity caused by...

Cited by 3 publications

References 38 publications

One‐step preparation of highly conductive eutectogel for a flexible strain sensor

One‐step preparation of highly conductive eutectogel for a flexible strain sensor

Progress of Hydrophobic Ionogels: A Review

Phase‐Segregated Ductile Eutectogels with Ultrahigh Modulus and Toughness for Antidamaging Fabric Perception

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