Encapsulated Fermeherbafit Bioavailability and the Application to Broilers

Abstract

The research was conducted to evaluate the physical, chemical and biologic as well as the bioavailability of encapsulated fermeherbafit in broiler chickens. Fermeherbafit is a term coined in this study for a mix herbal fermentation. The materials used were: fermeherbafit material consisting of Curcuma domestica (turmeric), C. xanthorrhiza R. (ginger), Allium sativum L. (garlic), Morinda citrifolia (noni), Moringa oleifera (Moringa leaves), brown sugar and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) probiotic. Eighty broiler day-old chicks of strain MB 202 Platinum were reared until the age of 35 d. Research Phase 1 was the evaluation of the encapsulated ingredients consisted of treatments P 1 = 2% alginate:2% chitosan; P 2 = 4% alginate:2% chitosan; P 3 = 2% alginate:4% chitosan; P 4 = 4% alginate:4% chitosan; P 5 = 2% alginate:2% chitosan; P 6 = 4% alginate:2% chitosan; P 7 = 2% alginate:4% chitosan; P 8 = 4% alginate:4% chitosan. Research Phase 2 was the encapsulated fermeherbafit with treatments R 0 = control; R 1 = non-encapsulated fermeherbafit; R 2 = 1.5% encapsulated fermeherbafit; R 3 = 3.0% encapsulated fermeherbafit; R 4 = 4.5% encapsulated fermeherbafit. The results of Phase 1 study indicated that the most well-encapsulated fermeherbafit was treatment R 7 (2% alginate:4% chitosan) regarding the levels of protein, energy, LAB amount. The results of Phase 2 showed that the use of encapsulated fermeherbafit had significant effect (p < 0.05) on final weight, carcass weight, carcass percentage and liver weight, but had no effect (p > 0.05) on the abdominal fat percentage, intestine weight, bursa Fabricius weight, and the proventriculus weight. It can be concluded that the use of 1:1 of alginate and chitosan may retain fermeherbafit bioavailability, and its application to the chicken could be of up to 4.5%, with final broilers body weight of 1,179.75 ± 27.76 g and carcass weight of 826.7 ± 30.27 g (70.06% ± 1.33%) and liver weight of 22.625 ± 2.55 g.

Encapsulation as a Way to Improve the Phytogenic Effects of Herbal Additives in Broilers – An Overview

“…Such covering materials may protect the sensitive materials (bioactive compounds) in herbs and, therefore, are beneficial during feed processing and storage (Tolve et al, 2021). Regarding the rapid digestion/degradation of herbs in the digestive system, which may limit the availability of herbs, Iriyanti and Hartoyo (2019) pointed out that encapsulation may protect the phytogenic materials from the gastrointestinal conditions (particularly the upper part of the gastrointestinal tract/stomach) and thus increase the availability of bioactive components for broiler chickens.…”

Exploring the Potential of Myrothamnus flabellifolius Welw. (Resurrection Tree) as a Phytogenic Feed Additive in Animal Nutrition

“…The low-biomass production is, however, a significant drawback to animal production, as the low yields cannot adequately sustain animal production at a commercial level. Low yields may lead to very low minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs), required to control enteric pathogens and promote the effective growth and health of the animal [ 83 ]. The increased demand for the plant’s essential oils from the food, beverages, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical industries has led to prices of the harvested plant and its extracts surging beyond levels sustainable for animal production.…”

Effect of encapsulated Medinilla javanensis fruit extract on growth, protein digestibility and health of broilers

“…Encapsulation can also mask unpleasant tastes or odors while limiting mold growth (Vincekovic et al, 2017;Sugiharto and Ayasan, 2022). Moreover, Iriyanti and Hartoyo (2019) noted that encapsulation may protect the phytogenic materials from the gastrointestinal conditions (particularly in the stomach) and thus increase the availability of bioactive components for broiler chickens. This is in response to the rapid degradation of herbs in the digestive system, which may limit the availability of herbs.…”