Encapsulant for glass-glass PV modules for minimum optical losses: gas or EVA?

Couderc, Romain; Amara, Mohamed; Degoulange, J.; Madon, F.; Einhaus, Roland

doi:10.1016/j.egypro.2017.09.283

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The NICE configuration enables simplified, manual module disassembly and recovery of components as intact parts, which increases value for recycling and reuse (Figure 6) [90,58]. However, module efficiency declines because of the air gap and electrical connections held together by internal module vacuum pressure; changes in temperature and altitude would change the electrical efficiency [91,92,93,94,90].…”

Section: Figure 4 Proposed Structure Of the Dem Single-cell Module Design [88]mentioning

confidence: 99%

PV Module Design for Recycling Guidelines

Bilbao¹,

Heath²,

Norgren³

et al. 2021

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Section: Figure 4 Proposed Structure Of the Dem Single-cell Module Design [88]mentioning

confidence: 99%

PV Module Design for Recycling Guidelines

Bilbao¹,

Heath²,

Norgren³

et al. 2021

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“…Apollon Solar is developing the New Industrial Cell Encapsulation (NICE) technology, which can render PV modules encapsulant‐free, by replacing the encapsulant layers with neutral gas filling. As such, apart from material costs‐saving, the NICE module technology simplifies the fabrication process (no soldering, no lamination needed) while yielding more environmentally friendly and simple recycling process for such modules, enabling 100% recyclability as per Apollon Solar's claim …”

Section: Further Discussion—outlookmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards a circular supply chain for PV modules: Review of today's challenges in PV recycling, refurbishment and re‐certification

Tsanakas

Heide

Radavičius

et al. 2019

Progress in Photovoltaics

109

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Photovoltaic (PV) waste, associated to the exponentially growing PV installations on global scale, presents today an emerging environmental challenge but also brings unprecedented and multifold value creation opportunities. In this context, significant PV business and research and development (R&D) efforts shift towards establishing a more sustainable, environmentally friendly and economically viable end-of-life (EoL) management for PV modules: including recycling, recovery of raw materials, repair/refurbishment and even re-use of decommissioned or failed PV modules. In the CIRCUSOL project, PV partners aspire to formalize the repair/refurbish and reuse value chains in the PV industry and propose a circular business model, based on a product-service system (PSS). Towards these goals, this review study introduces the relevant research groundwork, a status overview and today's R&D and business challenges in PV recycling, repair/refurbishment and re-certification aspects for second-life PV modules. The topics and the relevant reported literature are examined from both circular economy and technology perspective. The review indicates a considerable technological and operational know-how in PV EoL management that already exists and continuously evolves in mature PV markets. On the other hand, R&D in repair/refurbishment of decommissioned and/or failed PV modules remains scarce, and best practices and commercial services for reliability testing/recertification and trading of second-life PV modules are neither standardized nor consolidated into any PSS or business model.

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“…interlayers for PV modules and other applications that require no autoclave (e.g. EVASAFE or EVALAM) [22], and interlayers that can bond to both glass and stiff polymers such as polycarbonate (PC) or polymethylmetacrilate (PMMA) for safety and security glazing (e.g. TPU) [23].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%