“…In recent years, protein engineering has emerged as a powerful strategy for obtaining target catalysts. Several studies have utilized molecular modification to successfully alter enzyme properties such as catalytic activity, stability, and selectivity [ [14] , [15] , [16] ]. Bv HSS consists of 477 amino acids, and its crystal structure has been identified as a dimer (Protein Data Bank [PDB] ID: 4PLP), with each monomer containing its own catalytically active center and NAD + binding site [ 17 ].…”