Enamel thickness and growth rates in modern human permanent first molars over a 2000 year period in Britain

Aris, Christopher; Mahoney, Patrick; O'Hara, Mackie C.; Deter, Chris

doi:10.1002/ajpa.24026

Cited by 12 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…Anglo-Saxon population. Only in the mid and outer lateral enamel of the female sample can comparable similarities to that seen in the molar teeth of the sample populations (Aris et al, 2020) Tables 2 and 3 in Aris et al, 2020) shows permanent first molar enamel, in the majority of 24 comparisons, to have been secreted at a faster rate than that of anterior teeth. In 11 of these cases molar regions grew faster, but only by a rate of ≤0.15 μm/ day.…”

Section: Dsrs Compared To Posterior Teethmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…Past research utilizing the same British populations, has identified a significant trend toward slowing enamel DSRs from the Roman to modern period in permanent first molar teeth (Aris et al, 2020). This trend is similar to those observed here in both male and female samples.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Where the differences in enamel growth rates between populations were similar in the anterior teeth and first molars of the British populations, this was not the case specifically in differences between the Roman and Early Anglo‐Saxon populations. In their study, Aris et al (2020) commented on the similarities in the growth rates of the two populations, most notably in the cuspal enamel where mean rates were near identical. Conversely, in almost all anterior tooth enamel regions presented here, both male and female DSRs can be observed to vary between the Roman and Early Anglo‐Saxon population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In their study, Aris et al (2020) commented on the similarities in the growth rates of the two populations, most notably in the cuspal enamel where mean rates were near identical. Conversely, in almost all anterior tooth enamel regions presented here, both male and female DSRs can be observed to vary between the Roman and Early…”

Section: Dsrs Compared To Posterior Teethmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies of enamel daily secretion rates (DSRs) of human teeth have tended to focus on permanent molars (e.g., Aris, Mahoney, O'Hara, & Deter, 2020; Beynon, Dean, & Reid, 1991b; Lacruz & Bromage, 2006; Mahoney, 2008) and deciduous dentition (e.g., Birch & Dean, 2009; Mahoney, 2012, 2015). Relatively less research has been undertaken on growth rates of the anterior dentition (incisors and canines) (e.g., FitzGerald, 1998; Reid, Beynon, & Ramirez Rozzi, 1998; Schwartz, Reid, & Dean, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enamel growth rates of anterior teeth in males and females from modern and ancient British populations

Aris

Mahoney

Deter

2020

American J Phys Anthropol

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Objective This study explored biological sex differences in the regional daily growth rates of human anterior enamel from modern and ancient populations in Britain. Methods Maxillary permanent incisors (n = 80) and canines (n = 69) from Roman, Anglo‐Saxon, Medieval, and Modern day populations were analyzed using histological methods. Daily secretion rates (DSRs) were collected for inner, mid, and outer regions of cuspal and lateral enamel. Modern day samples were of known sex, archeological individuals had sex determined using standard osteological methods. Variation in DSRs between the sexes, both between and within populations, was sought using parametric and nonparametric tests. Results When all samples were pooled, there was no significant difference between males and females. Similarly no significant differences in DSRs were identified between male and females within each population. When DSRs were compared between the populations, DSRs decreased from the more ancient to the more recent populations for males, and for females. More interpopulation differences were observed in males. Discussion This study presents evidence for the relative consistency of enamel DSRs between male and female groups within each British population. Interpopulation analyses found DSRs slowed significantly between Roman and modern day populations for both sexes, with male DSRs showing the greatest variation between populations.

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Section: Dsrs Compared To Posterior Teethmentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Dsrs Compared To Posterior Teethmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enamel growth rates of anterior teeth in males and females from modern and ancient British populations

Aris

Mahoney

Deter

2020

American J Phys Anthropol

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Human‐like enamel growth in Homo naledi

Mahoney,

McFarlane,

Taurozzi

et al. 2024

American Journal of Biological Anthropology

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ObjectivesA modern pattern (rate and duration) of dental development occurs relatively recently during human evolution. Given the temporal overlap of Homo naledi with the first appearance of fossil Homo sapiens in Africa, this small‐bodied and small‐brained hominin presents an opportunity to elucidate the evolution of enamel growth in the hominin clade. Here we conduct the first histological study of two permanent mandibular canines and one permanent maxillary first molar, representing three individuals attributed to H. naledi. We reconstruct the rate and duration of enamel growth and compare these findings to those reported for other fossil hominins and recent humans.Materials and MethodsThin sections of each tooth were produced using standard histological methods. Daily and longer period incremental markings were measured to reconstruct enamel secretion and extension rates, Retzius periodicity, canine crown and molar cusp formation time.ResultsDaily enamel secretion rates overlapped with those from recent hominins. Canine crown formation time is similar to that observed in recent Europeans but is longer than canine formation times reported for most other hominins including Australopithecus and H. neanderthalensis. The extended period of canine formation appears to be due to a relatively tall enamel crown and a sustained slow rate of enamel extension in the cervical portion of the crown. A Retzius periodicity of 11 days for the canines, and nine days for the molar, in H. naledi parallel results found in recent humans. An 11‐day periodicity has not been reported for Late Pleistocene Homo (H. erectus, H. neanderthalensis) and is rarely found in Australopithecus and Paranthropus species.DiscussionEnamel growth of H. naledi is most similar to recent humans though comparative data are limited for most fossil hominin species. The high Retzius periodicity values do not follow expectations for a small‐brained hominin.

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Variation in the timing of enamel formation in modern human deciduous canines

Dean

Humphrey

Groom

et al. 2020

Archives of Oral Biology

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Objectives: Deciduous canines are now used increasingly in archaeological and forensic studies to establish the time of birth and as a retrospective source of trace elements incorporated into enamel before and after birth. However, data on the variability of deciduous enamel formation times are scarce. Our objectives were to use daily incremental markings to estimate daily secretion rates, the timing of prenatal, postnatal and total enamel formation and any changes in enamel coverage or prism and stria orientation that occur during enamel formation. Materials and Methods: Longitudinal ground sections of 81 deciduous canines were studied with transmitted light microscopy. High-resolution digital images were imported from an Olympus VS-120 virtual slide scanning system into a geographic information system (ArcGIS, ESRI USA) for quantitative and statistical analyses of linear, angular and area measurements of buccal enamel. Results: Daily rates of enamel secretion close to the EDJ were faster than in permanent enamel (3.23 µm/day, SD=0.54). Prism and stria angles subtended to the EDJ both increased through crown formation. Enamel coverage was low in the cusp and cervix but maximal ~150 days after birth. The mean prenatal enamel formation time was 118 days (range SD, 29.2, n=24). The overall mean postnatal enamel formation time was 319 days (range 210-420, SD 50.6, n=67). Conclusions: Daily enamel secretion rates compared well with previous studies of deciduous enamel, however, enamel extension rates in deciduous cuspal enamel were notably lower. The variability of both prenatal and postnatal deciduous enamel formation times was greater than previously reported.

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Enamel thickness and growth rates in modern human permanent first molars over a 2000 year period in Britain

Cited by 12 publications

References 72 publications

Enamel growth rates of anterior teeth in males and females from modern and ancient British populations

Enamel growth rates of anterior teeth in males and females from modern and ancient British populations

Human‐like enamel growth in Homo naledi

Variation in the timing of enamel formation in modern human deciduous canines

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