Enamel remineralization and repair results of Biomimetic Hydroxyapatite toothpaste on deciduous teeth: an effective option to fluoride toothpaste

Abstract

BackgroundDental caries is a recognized worldwide public health problem. Despite being one of the most effective strategies against dental caries, the excessive use of fluorine may result in a potential risk of developing dental fluorosis especially in children under age of six. The purpose of this work is to analyze a fluorine-free toothpaste containing Biomimetic Hydroxyapatite to assess enamel re-mineralizing and repairing properties.ResultsThe study was performed in vitro and in vivo, comparing the hydroxyapatite toothpaste with two others toothpaste containing different fluorine concentrations. The coating effect of the micro-structured Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles reintegrates the enamel with a biomimetic film reproducing the structure and the morphology of the biologic Hydroxyapatite of the enamel. As demonstrated, the coating is due to the deposit of a new layer of apatite, which presents fewer particles than the natural enamel, not based on the chemical—physical changes occurring in fluorinated toothpastes. Moreover, it shows resistance to brushing as a consequence of chemical bonds between the synthetic and natural crystals of the enamel.ConclusionsThe use of Biomimetic Hydroxyapatite toothpastes has proven to be a valuable prevention measure against dental caries in primary dentition since it prevents the risk of fluorosis.

Nanoparticles as Anti-Microbial, Anti-Inflammatory, and Remineralizing Agents in Oral Care Cosmetics: A Review of the Current Situation

“…Moreover, several RCTs demonstrated the efficiency of HA NP toothpaste in reducing dentine hypersensitivity and stimulating a remineralizing mechanism [33,238,239,[248][249][250][251]. Therefore, the decreasing of dentine hypersensitivity can be explained by the fact that the deposition of HA NPs produces a remineralizing effect on the enamel surface [236,252]. Bossù and colleagues confirmed, in vitro and in vivo, these results by demonstrating that HA NPs contained in toothpaste promote enamel regeneration with a biomimetic film similar in terms of morphology and structure to the biologic hydroxyapatite of the enamel [252].…”

“…Therefore, the decreasing of dentine hypersensitivity can be explained by the fact that the deposition of HA NPs produces a remineralizing effect on the enamel surface [236,252]. Bossù and colleagues confirmed, in vitro and in vivo, these results by demonstrating that HA NPs contained in toothpaste promote enamel regeneration with a biomimetic film similar in terms of morphology and structure to the biologic hydroxyapatite of the enamel [252]. A coating of a new layer of apatite is deposited, which contains fewer particles than the natural enamel.…”

Effect of Remineralizing Agents on Initial Caries Lesions - Clinical Pilot Study on School-Children

“…CPP-ACP also contains casein which promotes adherence of the active substances on the tooth surface. A recent article on biomimetic hydroxyapatite toothpaste proved to be effective against dental caries in primary teeth (Bossu) [10].…”

“…To measure lesion depth ICDAS classification was used [1,5,6,[8][9][10]]. Nyvad's modified criteria (Table 2) were used to estimate lesion activity [11].…”

Morpho-Chemical Observations of Human Deciduous Teeth Enamel in Response to Biomimetic Toothpastes Treatment

“…0000427). The teeth were processed as previously described by Bossù et al [11]. Briefly, once extracted, each element was preserved in normal saline solution and then divided at a cementum-enamel junction level, by means of diamond-tipped saw Secotron 200, in order to remove the root portion.…”