Enamel organ proteins as targets for antibodies in celiac disease: implications for oral health

Sóñora, Cecilia; Arbildi, Paula; Rodríguez-Camejo, Claudio; Beovide, Verónica; Marco, Alicia; Hernández, Ana

doi:10.1111/eos.12241

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…However, some of the anti‐Emdogain/amelogenin IgG reactivity appeared not to be a result of anti‐gliadin cross‐reactivity (11), which the epitope mapping in the current study revealed may be to the N‐ and/or C‐terminal regions. Moreover, serum IgG from Emdogain‐high titer CeD children, but not from low‐titer CeD children or controls, showed ability to detect amelogenin in situ in the pre‐enamel, similarly to what SÓÑORA et al, reported for adult women with CeD (17). To what extent anti‐AMELX IgG may interfere with normal amelogenesis would depend on the amelogenin epitope(s) to which these antibodies bind.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Epitope mapping of anti‐amelogenin IgG in untreated celiac children

Petronijevic

Stig

Halstensen

2021

European J Oral Sciences

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Children with untreated celiac disease (CeD) may develop enamel defects, and children with severe CeD have significantly increased levels of IgG to amelogenin, which may interfere with normal amelogenesis depending on which epitope(s) they bind. Children with untreated CeD (n = 42), for whom CeD had been confirmed either by biopsy (n = 17, cohort 1) or by the presence of particularly high serum levels of anti‐transglutaminase 2 (TG2) IgA (n = 25, cohort 2), were selected from 146 children with CeD, and 10 controls were selected from 34 children who did not have CeD. Samples from these 52 children were used for detailed IgG anti‐amelogenin, X isoform (AMELX) epitope mapping using 31 overlapping, 10‐22mer peptides in ELISA. Although sera from both groups showed reactivity to peptides containing sequences from the N and C terminus of AMELX, sera from children with CeD reacted more strongly to peptides from the central region (amino acids 75‐150) containing both a binding site for transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β), as well as the enzymatic cleavage sites for matrix metalloproteinase‐20 and for kallikrein‐4. Antigen‐specific extraction revealed that only IgG to the central region cross‐reacted to gliadin. Thus, cross‐reactive anti‐gliadin/amelogenin IgG may affect normal amelogenesis by interfering with enzymatic degradation, proper folding, and/or TGF‐β signaling in children with untreated CeD.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Epitope mapping of anti‐amelogenin IgG in untreated celiac children

Petronijevic

Stig

Halstensen

2021

European J Oral Sciences

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“…However, different immune or genetic genesis of lesions cannot be excluded. T-lymphocytes may have a role in attacking the enamel [ 30 , 31 ], and there may be an association between dental enamel effects and the haplotype HLA-DR3 even in the general population. On the contrary, the DR5-DR7 phenotype has been associated with protection from damage to the enamel, explaining why not all CD patients suffer from enamel hypoplasia [ 19 , 30 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tooth Wear Is Frequent in Adult Patients with Celiac Disease

et al. 2017

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(1) Background: Celiac disease (CD) patients can be affected by mouth and tooth disorders, which are influenced by their gluten-free diet. The aim of our research was to evaluate the pathological conditions of the stomatognathic system observed in celiac patients on a gluten-free diet. (2) Methods: we consecutively recruited celiac patients on a gluten-free diet at our celiac center, as well as healthy volunteers. Two dentists examined all patients/controls and checked them for any mouth disorder. (3) Results: Forty-nine patients affected by celiac disease (age at test 31.8 ± 11.58, time on GFD 8.73 ± 7.7) and 51 healthy volunteers (age at test 30.5 ± 8.7) were included. Recurrent aphthous stomatitis was reported in 26 patients (53.0%) and in 13 (25.5%) controls (p = 0.005). Dental enamel disorders were reported in 7 patients (14.3%) and in 0 controls (p = 0.002), with none having geographic tongue. We found non-specific tooth wear, characterized by loss of the mineralized tissue of the teeth, in 9 patients (18.3%) and in 3 (5.9%) controls (p = 0.05). (4) Conclusion: Recurrent aphthous stomatitis and enamel hypoplasia are “risk indicators” that may suggest that an individual has CD. We detected a high prevalence of non-specific tooth wear that can be caused by several factors such as malocclusion, sleep bruxism, parafunctional activity, and age.

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“…Sóñora et al [ 43 ], based on previously reported cross-reactivity of antibodies to gliadin with the enamel proteins, amelogenin and ameloblastin, investigated the ability of antigliadin IgG to recognize enamel organ structures. Strong staining of the enamel matrix and of the layer of ameloblasts was observed with serum samples from women with celiac disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral Health Impact Profile in Celiac Patients: Analysis of Recent Findings in a Literature Review

Cervino

Fiorillo

Laino

et al. 2018

Gastroenterology Research and Practice

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The increment of recording atypical oral manifestation in young patients often related to systematic disease is today a challenge for the therapists. Sometime, the presence of tooth enamel lesions correlated with soft tissue lesions is just a symptom or a trigger sign for a deeper and undetermined disease. Recently, high impact has been developed toward the influence of the diet as a controlled and modifiable factor in patients affected by celiac pathologies. The celiac disease (CD) is a chronic immune-mediated disorder triggered by the ingestion of gluten that appears in genetically predisposed patients. Gluten is a proline-rich and glutamine-rich protein present in wheat (gliadin), barley (hordein), and rye (secalin). The gluten-free diet (GFD) seems to better influence the oral health status of the CD patients. For this reason, the main objective of this revision was to analyze the international data highlighting the relationship between celiac patients and the oral health impact profile. A comprehensive review of the current literature was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines by accessing the NCBI PubMed database. Authors conducted the search of articles in the English language published from 2008 to 2018. The first analysis with filters recorded 67 manuscripts accordingly with the selected keywords. Finally, a number of 16 appropriate published papers were comprehended in the review. The studies were different in terms of the structure, findings, outcomes, and diet quality evaluation, and for this reason, it was not possible to accomplish a meta-analysis of the recorded data. This manuscript offers some observational evidence to justify the advantages of gluten-free diets related to a better oral health status in the patients involved.

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Enamel organ proteins as targets for antibodies in celiac disease: implications for oral health

Cited by 15 publications

References 39 publications

Epitope mapping of anti‐amelogenin IgG in untreated celiac children

Epitope mapping of anti‐amelogenin IgG in untreated celiac children

Tooth Wear Is Frequent in Adult Patients with Celiac Disease

Oral Health Impact Profile in Celiac Patients: Analysis of Recent Findings in a Literature Review

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