Enabling Safe Wireless Harbor Automation via 5G URLLC

Kokkoniemi‐Tarkkanen, Heli; Horsmanheimo, Seppo; Grudnitsky, Artjom; Moisio, Martti; Li, Zexian; Uusitalo, Mikko A.; Samardžija, Dragan; Harkanen, Teemu; Yli-Paunu, Pekka

doi:10.1109/5gwf.2019.8911736

Cited by 17 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…The gained results from our experiments provide valuable information for designing, developing, and implementing the requirements for the next-generation wireless applications. Average delay under 5 ms enable basically real-time networking for remote operations and control and very low latency acts as an enabler for the safety-critical industrial applications [37]. Thus, the application delay can become the bottleneck for such use cases and should be therefore carefully designed and implemented according to the use case.…”

Section: Discussion and Future Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of the 5th Generation Indoor Wireless Technologies-Empirical Study

et al. 2021

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The evolution of 5th generation (5G) cellular technology has introduced several enhancements and provides better performance compared to previous generations. To understand the real capabilities, the importance of the empirical studies is significant to also understand the possible limitations. This is very important especially from the service and use case point of view. Several test sites exist around the globe for introducing, testing, and evaluating new features, use cases, and performance in restricted and secure environments alongside the commercial operators. Test sites equipped with the standard technology are the perfect places for performing deep analysis of the latest wireless and cellular technologies in real operating environments. The testing sites provide valuable information with sophisticated quality of service (QoS) indicators when the 5G vertical use cases are evaluated using the actual devices in the carrier grade network. In addition, the Wi-Fi standards are constantly evolving toward higher bit rates and reduced latency, and their usage in 5G dedicated verticals can even improve performance, especially when lower coverage is sufficient. This work presents the detailed comparative measurements between Wi-Fi 6 and 5G New Radio (NR) performance in indoor facilities and extensive results carried out in 5G and beyond test site located in Finland. The results gathered from the extensive test sets indicate that the Wi-Fi 6 can outperform the 5G in the indoor environment in terms of throughput and latency when distance and coverage do not increase enormously. In addition, the usage of wireless technologies allows improved uplink performance, which is usually more limited in cellular networks. The gained results of our measurements provide valuable information for designing, developing, and implementing the requirements for the next-generation wireless applications.

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Section: Discussion and Future Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of the 5th Generation Indoor Wireless Technologies-Empirical Study

et al. 2021

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“…Notice that while certain critical applications may not tolerate any packet loss, others which are more relaxed may be able to survive without specific number of packets. For example, the work in [44] indicated that remote control of harbor cranes exhibit survival times as large as six consecutive packet transmissions. We therefore concentrate on evaluating the relationship between PLR and τ surv with the in-X subnetworks enablers and the different mechanisms described above.…”

Section: Performance Metricsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Interference Management for 6G in-X Subnetworks

2022

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Short-range low-power 6th generation (6G) in-X subnetworks are proposed as a viable radio concept for supporting extreme communication requirements in emerging applications such as wireless control of robotic arms and control of critical on-body devices, e.g. wireless heart pacemaker. For these applications, ultra-high reliability (e.g., above 6 nines) with sub-ms latency must be guaranteed at all spatiotemporal instants. To meet these requirements, radio systems that are robust against fading and interference are crucial. In this paper, we present a comprehensive investigation on technology enablers and techniques for interference mitigation in 6G in-X subnetworks. We present several techniques including blind-repetition with pseudo-random frequency hopping and environment-aware mechanisms for interference management via dynamic channel allocation. We further propose two novel enhancements viz: (1) repetition order adaptation involving real-time selection of the number of repetitions based on current channel conditions; and (2) anticipatory packet duplication in which each subnetwork duplicates its transmission on a secondary channel group whenever it detects the presence of a potentially harmful neighbouring subnetwork. We perform extensive simulations in an industrial factory environment with mobile in-X subnetworks using models and parameters defined by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). Results show that in-X subnetworks requires large bandwidth (≥ 1 GHz), up to 2 packet repetitions and environment-aware interference coordination in order to support packet loss rate below 10 −6 with a latency < 100µs. The number of repetitions can however be reduced for systems with survival time greater than the cycle time. The proposed enhancements also result in up to ×10 4 packet loss rate reduction for systems with survival time above 2 cycle times.

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“…Differently from use cases characterized by mobile broadband type of traffic where packet error rate is already a good metric to quantify reliability, these control applications are often characterized by small packets with semi-periodic traffic, where, while losing a single packet does not cause much harm to the system, extreme requirements are set on a sequence/burst of errors [28], with the length of the burst potentially going up to a relatively high number like 6 in certain scenarios [29]. Therefore, also for the in-X subnetworks we consider similar metrics and present in Table I the communication service availability, which is defined as the percentage of time the service is delivered according to agreed QoS requirements, with the system considered unavailable when an expected packet is not received within the sum of maximum allowed latency and survival time [27,Section 3].…”

Section: Use Cases and Requirementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extreme Communication in 6G: Vision and Challenges for ‘in-X’ Subnetworks

Berardinelli¹,

Baracca

Adeogun

et al. 2021

IEEE Open J. Commun. Soc.

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The 6th Generation (6G) radio access technology is expected to support extreme communication requirements in terms of throughput, latency and reliability, which can only be achieved by providing capillary wireless coverage. In this paper, we present our vision for short-range low power 6G 'in-X' subnetworks, with the 'X' standing for the entity in which the cell is deployed, e.g., a production module, a robot, a vehicle, a house or even a human body. Such cells can support services that can be life-critical and that traditionally relied on wired systems. We discuss potential deployment options, as well as candidate air interface components and spectrum bands. Interference management is identified as a major challenge in dense deployments, which needs to handle also non-cellular types of interference like jamming attacks and impulsive noise. A qualitative example of interference-robust system design is also presented.

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Enabling Safe Wireless Harbor Automation via 5G URLLC

Cited by 17 publications

References 1 publication

Performance of the 5th Generation Indoor Wireless Technologies-Empirical Study

Performance of the 5th Generation Indoor Wireless Technologies-Empirical Study

Enhanced Interference Management for 6G in-X Subnetworks

Extreme Communication in 6G: Vision and Challenges for ‘in-X’ Subnetworks

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