Enabling Real-Time Quality-of-Service and Fine-Grained Aggregation for Wireless TSN

Abstract

Wireless Time-Sensitive Networking (WTSN) has emerged as a promising technology for Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) applications. To meet the latency requirements of WTSN, wireless local area network (WLAN) such as IEEE 802.11 protocol with the time division multiple access (TDMA) mechanism is shown to be a practical solution. In this paper, we propose the RT-WiFiQA protocol with two novel schemes to improve the latency and reliability performance: real-time quality of service (RT-QoS) and fine-grained aggregation (FGA) for TDMA-based 802.11 systems. The RT-QoS is designed to guarantee the quality-of-service requirements of different traffic and to support the FGA mechanism. The FGA mechanism aggregates frames for different stations to reduce the physical layer transmission overhead. The trade-off between the reliability and FGA packet size is analyzed with numerical results. Specifically, we derive a critical threshold such that the FGA can achieve higher reliability when the aggregated packet size is smaller than the critical threshold. Otherwise, the non-aggregation scheme outperforms the FGA scheme. Extensive experiments are conducted on the commercial off-the-shelf 802.11 interface. The experiment results show that compared with the existing TDMA-based 802.11 system, the developed RT-WiFiQA protocol can achieve deterministic bounded real-time latency and greatly improves the reliability performance.

Low-Latency Wireless Network Extension for Industrial Internet of Things

“…In recent years, updates to the IEEE 802.11 standard [17] have been proposed to support TSN functionality in IoT scenarios [18][19][20][21][22][23][24]. Specifically, 802.11be [25] and 802.11ax [26] seek to address worst-case jitter and latency while still achieving the high data rates supported by Wi-Fi.…”

Polling Schedule Algorithms for Data Aggregation with Sensor Phase Control in In-Vehicle UWB Networks

“…This paper shows that analyzing the traffic pattern and aggregating and transmitting frames is more effective than sending frames frequently. Reference [19] shows that aggregation can reduce physical layer overhead and improve communication efficiency in wireless time-sensitive networking. However, it also points out that a trade-off between aggregation and packet error rate (PER) is needed, indicating that aggregation has a side effect when the bit error rate (BER) is large.…”