Enabling QKD under Strong Turbulence for Wireless Networks with Tilt Wavefront Correction

Arteaga-Diaz, Pablo; Ocampos-Guillen, Alejandro; Fernández, Verónica

doi:10.1109/icton.2019.8840410

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The reason for this is that the beam is forced to pass as close as possible to the center of the optical lenses in Bob, reducing the effect of aberrations such as spherical or coma, which are proportional to the distance from the center of the lens to the point of beam incidence. A theoretical model was studied in [30] to assess the quality of the experimental correction and was found to be in very good agreement with the theory. The refractive index structure parameter C 2 n was calculated from the experimental values of r a using equations (1) and (2) and they were found to be ranging from moderate (C 2 n − 10 −14 m −2/3 ) to strong (C 2 n − 10 −13 m − 2/3) turbulent regimes.…”

Section: A Improvement In Tiltangle After Correctionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Double-Loop Wavefront Tilt Correction for Free-Space Quantum Key Distribution

et al. 2019

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Both free-space and optical fiber quantum key distribution (QKD) links will coexist in future quantum networks, requiring efficient coupling between both types of channels. However, wavefront distortions introduced by the atmospheric channel can severely affect this efficiency. Active mechanisms such as precise beam tracking or steering can correct for some of these wavefront distortions, considerably improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the received quantum signal in many scenarios. A tracking system that uses two, instead oftypically one, controlling loops for tilt correction, stabilizes the beam in the whole optical axis of the receiver relaxing the restrictions of the receiver's optical design, and reduces the area of beam fluctuations in the receiver's focal plane a 24% more than a single-loop configuration. The tracking system was characterized in a QKD system at a 300 meter-link in moderate to strong turbulent conditions (C 2 n − 10 −14 − 10 −13 m −2/3) and an improved coupling efficiency of a factor of 2.1 and 1.6 was obtained for a 9.5 µm-core diameter standard telecommunications Single Mode Fiber (SMF) and a 25 µm-core diameter multimode fiber (MMF), respectively. This reduces the quantum bit error rate (QBER) caused by solar background photons in a 52 % for the former and 39% for the latter, enabling an increase in the secret key rate ofmore than one order ofmagnitude for SMF and a factor of five for MMF. These results are promising for enabling QKD free-space links and their interconnection to fiber optic infrastructure in realistic scenarios of communication networks of high turbulence regimes and daylight conditions. INDEX TERMS Quantum key distribution, beam steering, beam tracking, free-space quantum communication, quantum cryptography, wavefront tilt correction. I. INTRODUCTION Recent research in free-space Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) has focused on increasing the feasibility of practical systems in real scenarios, which implies fulfilling several challenges like increasing the key rate, the propagating distance and making practical systems compact, robust, and low cost [1]-[7]. Many advances on stationary links have been reported in the last few years [8]-[11], whereas other potential scenarios for mobile systems, such as aircrafts [12], hotair balloons [13] and Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) [14] have also been explored. In addition, after several tests and proofs to analyze their possibilities, links involving satellites have also been recently demonstrated [15]-[18]. The associate editor coordinating the review of this article and approving it for publication was Wei Huang.

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Section: A Improvement In Tiltangle After Correctionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Double-Loop Wavefront Tilt Correction for Free-Space Quantum Key Distribution

et al. 2019

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“…This could facilitate distributed quantum computation, blind quantum computation, quantum-assisted imaging, and precise timing, to name just a few proposed applications [9][10][11]. An enduring problem is the ideal wavelength for freespace quantum communication over atmospheric channels, particularly in daytime conditions where filtering sky-noise photons is a formidable challenge [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum Communication over Atmospheric Channels: A Framework for Optimizing Wavelength and Filtering

et al. 2021

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Despite quantum networking concepts, designs, and hardware becoming increasingly mature, there is no consensus on the optimal wavelength for free-space systems. We present an in-depth analysis of a daytime free-space quantum channel as a function of wavelength and atmospheric spatial coherence (Fried coherence length). We choose decoy-state quantum key distribution bit yield as a performance metric in order to reveal the ideal wavelength choice for an actual qubitbased protocol under realistic atmospheric conditions. Our analysis represents a rigorous framework to analyze requirements for spatial, spectral, and temporal filtering. These results will help guide the development of free-space quantum communication and networking systems. In particular, our results suggest that shorter wavelengths in the optical band should be considered for free-space quantum communication systems. Our results are also interpreted in the context of atmospheric compensation by higher-order adaptive optics.

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Enabling QKD under Strong Turbulence for Wireless Networks with Tilt Wavefront Correction

Cited by 2 publications

References 3 publications

Double-Loop Wavefront Tilt Correction for Free-Space Quantum Key Distribution

Double-Loop Wavefront Tilt Correction for Free-Space Quantum Key Distribution

Quantum Communication over Atmospheric Channels: A Framework for Optimizing Wavelength and Filtering

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