Enabling mMTC in Remote Areas: LoRaWAN and LEO Satellite Integration for Offshore Wind Farm Monitoring

Ullah, Muhammad Asad; Mikhaylov, Konstantin; Alves, Hirley

doi:10.1109/tii.2021.3112386

Cited by 31 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(39 reference statements)

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“…where R is the earth's radius, H is the satellite orbit height, and α is the satellite elevation angle [15]. Problem formulation: The destination's goal is to use the received semantic information to estimate the true class of the image with the highest probability pc or to reconstruct the image with high quality for possible human intervention.…”

Section: System Model and Problem Formulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Traffic Prediction and Fast Uplink for Hidden Markov IoT Models

Eldeeb¹,

Shehab²,

Kalør³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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<div>The road to extreme low latency urges the invention of intelligent access schemes that depart from the shortcomings associated with the classic ones. In this work, we present a novel traffic prediction and fast uplink framework for IoT devices activated by binary Markovian events. First, we apply the forward algorithm in the context of hidden Markov models (HMM) to predict the hidden states, which are used to schedule the available resources to the devices with maximum likelihood activation probabilities via fast uplink grant. In addition, we evaluate the regret metric as the number of missed resource allocation opportunities to evaluate the performance of the prediction. Next, we formulate a fairness optimization problem to minimize the age of information while keeping the regret as minimum as possible. Finally, we propose an iterative algorithm to estimate the model hyperparameters (activation probabilities) in a real-time application and apply an online-learning version of the proposed traffic prediction scheme.</div><div>Simulation results show that the proposed algorithms outperform baseline models such as time division multiple access (TDMA) and grant-free (GF) random-access in terms of regret, the efficiency of system usage, and age of information.</div>

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Section: System Model and Problem Formulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Traffic Prediction and Fast Uplink for Hidden Markov IoT Models

Eldeeb¹,

Shehab²,

Kalør³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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show abstract

“…Similar to the previous architecture, other researchers have proposed different approaches for connecting LoRaWAN networks through satellite [ 19 , 20 ], for instance, to support remote monitoring of wind farms and massive machine-type communication. Particularly, in [ 21 ], the authors included preliminary ideas to implement direct and indirect links, where the first one involved putting a LoRaWAN gateway in the satellite, and the indirect links were used to support interactions between a LoRaWAN gateway and the satellite backbone.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reducing Operational Expenses of LoRaWAN-Based Internet of Remote Things Applications

Finochietto

Santos

Ochoa

et al. 2022

Sensors

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LoRaWAN has become the most widely used low-power wide-area network technology to implement monitoring solutions based on the Internet of remote things (IoRT) paradigm. Typically, these solutions interconnect remote sensing areas and data processing infrastructure located in urban centers. The operation expenses of these solutions depend mainly on the traffic sent through the network backhaul, i.e., the link that connects the remote sensing area and the urban area where the data are usually processed and stored. This service is provided by telecommunication companies and represents the main operation cost of IoRT solutions. These expenses usually limit the affordability of IoRT-based systems in developing countries, and also in scenarios where the operational cost is an issue to address. This paper presents an extension to the LoRaWAN protocol, named Node-Aware-LoRaWAN (NA-LoRaWAN), that reduces the traffic in the backhaul, thus decreasing the operational expenses of IoRT-based systems. In order to evaluate the performance of NA-LoRaWAN, it was compared to a regular LoRaWAN implementation. Depending on the network scenario, the proposed extension reduced the traffic through the backhaul in the range of 12–34%. This extension opens several opportunities to use IoRT solutions in application domains with a low operational budget, e.g., precision agriculture, environmental monitoring and natural hazards’ early detection.

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“…Ullah et al [40] have conducted research on the combination of LoRaWAN massive machine-type connectivity (mMTC) technology with low earth orbit satellites for the purpose of remote monitoring of offshore wind farms. Hasager et al [41] investigated the climate of the offshore wind in Iceland using satellite synthetic aperture radar, the measurements from coastal meteorological stations, and the results of two different atmospheric model data sets called HARMONIE and NORA10 to find wind speed and wind direction measurements.…”

Section: Based On Communication/autonmous Operationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent developments in offshore wind energy systems: Technologies and practices

Vasudevan

Kondayampalayam²,

Murugesan³

2022

IJAAS

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This paper deals with offshore wind power generation technologies, power transmission and grid communication features, and associated power system studies for effective implementation of offshore wind energy systems, explaining its various stages of implementation. Also, this paper reviews the latest trends in offshore wind energy systems, addressing various aspects like large wind farm siting, power evacuation studies, cable selection, high-voltage direct current/flexible alternating current transmission systems (HVDC/FACTS) technology options, reliability evaluation, and autonomous monitoring. India's renewable power generation capacity through off-shore wind generation is also outlined to ensure low carbon energy emissions with improved energy efficiency. The policy and regulatory framework factors for reaching five gigawatts (GW) of offshore wind projects in the states of Tamilnadu and Gujarat by the year 2032 using current methods and advanced technology are discussed here. This goal can be accomplished using current practices and advanced technologies. For effective implementation of offshore wind farms, suitable measures and likely actions by various stakeholders are suggested.

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Enabling mMTC in Remote Areas: LoRaWAN and LEO Satellite Integration for Offshore Wind Farm Monitoring

Cited by 31 publications

References 28 publications

Traffic Prediction and Fast Uplink for Hidden Markov IoT Models

Traffic Prediction and Fast Uplink for Hidden Markov IoT Models

Reducing Operational Expenses of LoRaWAN-Based Internet of Remote Things Applications

Recent developments in offshore wind energy systems: Technologies and practices

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