Enabling large-scale hydrogen storage in porous media – the scientific challenges

Heinemann, Niklas; Alcalde, Juan; Miocic, Johannes; Hangx, Suzanne; Kallmeyer, Jens; Ostertag-Henning, Christian; Hassanpouryouzband, Aliakbar; Thaysen, Eike Marie; Strobel, Gion; Schmidt‐Hattenberger, Cornelia; Edlmann, Katriona; Wilkinson, Mark; Bentham, Michelle; Haszeldine, R. Stuart; Carbonell, Ramón; Rudloff, Alexander

doi:10.1039/d0ee03536j

Cited by 390 publications

(192 citation statements)

References 117 publications

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“…natural gas pipeline network). Nevertheless, various physical, chemical and microbial processes are associated with USHS in hydrocarbon reservoirs (Heinemann et al 2021) (summarised in Fig. 10).…”

Section: Depleted Hydrocarbon Reservoirsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hydrogen production, storage, utilisation and environmental impacts: a review

et al. 2021

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Dihydrogen (H2), commonly named ‘hydrogen’, is increasingly recognised as a clean and reliable energy vector for decarbonisation and defossilisation by various sectors. The global hydrogen demand is projected to increase from 70 million tonnes in 2019 to 120 million tonnes by 2024. Hydrogen development should also meet the seventh goal of ‘affordable and clean energy’ of the United Nations. Here we review hydrogen production and life cycle analysis, hydrogen geological storage and hydrogen utilisation. Hydrogen is produced by water electrolysis, steam methane reforming, methane pyrolysis and coal gasification. We compare the environmental impact of hydrogen production routes by life cycle analysis. Hydrogen is used in power systems, transportation, hydrocarbon and ammonia production, and metallugical industries. Overall, combining electrolysis-generated hydrogen with hydrogen storage in underground porous media such as geological reservoirs and salt caverns is well suited for shifting excess off-peak energy to meet dispatchable on-peak demand.

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Section: Depleted Hydrocarbon Reservoirsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consequently, an H 2 plume would experience strong buoyancy forces (i.e. the stronger the buoyancy forces, the higher the potential for hydrogen leakage), and water upconing towards the extraction borehole may occur (Heinemann et al 2021;Sainz-Garcia et al 2017).…”

Section: Depleted Hydrocarbon Reservoirsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen production, storage, utilisation and environmental impacts: a review

et al. 2021

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“…This special issue follows the highly successful first issue published in 2015 by Computational Geosciences (Steefel, Yabusaki, and Mayer, editors) [1]. The intent of this second special issue was to follow this initiative and extend the set of well-described benchmark problems that can be used to demonstrate simulator conformance with norms established by the subsurface science and engineering community.…”

Section: Objective Of the Special Issuementioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is particularly relevant to reactive transport tools in the context of large-scale and global environmental changes and their global impacts that challenge the subsurface science and engineering community, especially since the subsurface has an important part to play in the energy transition. For example, it may be tempting to use the subsurface for large-scale storage of energy to smooth the intermittent supply of renewable energies, to store anthropogenic carbon dioxide in minerals and geological formations, to enable large-scale hydrogen storage in porous media or to store nuclear waste [1][2][3]. Providing accurate multi-physical assessments of risk and engineering performance for such technological solutions with far-reaching consequence relies, among others, on numerical models that integrates, in a consistent framework, an increasing amount of scientific knowledge.…”

Section: Objective Of the Special Issuementioning

confidence: 99%

Guest editorial to the special issue: subsurface environmental simulation benchmarks

2021

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“…At present, CH2 storage is mainly used in fuel cell-powered vehicles and refuelling stations. Large-scale hydrogen storage options for future considerations include underground storage (favourably in salt formations), storage in buried steel pipes, and aboveground spherical or cylindrical steel tanks [36][37][38][39]. Liquid tankers are the preferred option for medium hydrogen amounts and longer distances.…”

Section: A) Production B) Consumptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Alternative Power-to-Chemical Pathways for Renewable Energy Exports

Rasool¹,

Khalilpour

Rafiee³

et al. 2021

SSRN Journal

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Over the last five decades, there have been a few phases of interest in the so-called hydrogen economy, stemming from the need for either energy security enhancement or climate change mitigation. None of these phases has been successful in a major market development mainly due to the lack of cost competitiveness and partially due to technology readiness challenges. Nevertheless, a new phase has begun very recently, which despite holding original objectives has a new motivation to be fully green, based on renewable energy. This new movement has already initiated bipartisan cooperation of some energy importing countries and those with abundant renewable energy resources and supporting infrastructure. For example, the abundance of renewable resources and a stable economy of Australia can attract investments in building these green value chains with countries such as Singapore, South Korea, Japan, and those even further distant like in Europe. One key challenge in this context is the diversity of pathways for the (national and international) export of non-electricity renewable energy. This poses another challenge, i.e., the need for an agnostic tool for comparing various supply chain pathways fairly while considering various techno-economic factors such as renewable energy sources, hydrogen production and conversion technologies, transport, and destination markets, along with all associated uncertainties. This paper addresses the above challenge by introducing a probabilistic decision analysis cycle methodology for evaluating various renewable energy supply chain pathways based on the hydrogen vector. The decision support tool is generic and can accommodate any kind of renewable chemical and fuel supply chain option. As a case study, we have investigated eight supply chain options composed of two electrolysers (alkaline and membrane) and four carrier options (compressed hydrogen, liquefied hydrogen, methanol, and ammonia) for export from Australian ports to three destinations in Singapore, Japan, and Germany. The results clearly show the complexity of decision making induced by multiple factors. For the case study, under the given input parameters, the methanol combination with alkaline electrolysers becomes the least-cost supply chain option for Singapore, Japan, and Germany with expected levelised costs of hydrogen (ELCOH) of 6.53, 6.61, and 6.93 $/kgH 2, respectively. However, the second-best choices are not the same for all countries. Ammonia (with alkaline electrolysers) becomes the second-best option for Singapore ($7.98/kgH2) and Japan ($8.20/kgH2) destinations, while methanol (this time with PEM electrolysers) proves to be the second-best supply chain option for German destinations ($8.62/kgH2).

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Enabling large-scale hydrogen storage in porous media – the scientific challenges

Abstract: This article identifies and discusses the scientific challenges of hydrogen storage in porous media for safe and efficient large-scale energy storage to enable a global hydrogen economy.

Cited by 390 publications

References 117 publications

Hydrogen production, storage, utilisation and environmental impacts: a review

Hydrogen production, storage, utilisation and environmental impacts: a review

Guest editorial to the special issue: subsurface environmental simulation benchmarks

Evaluation of Alternative Power-to-Chemical Pathways for Renewable Energy Exports

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