Emulsion crystallization of phenanthrene by supercritical fluid extraction of emulsions

Kluge, Johannes; Joss, Lisa; Viereck, Sebastian; Mazzotti, Marco

doi:10.1016/j.ces.2011.12.008

Cited by 20 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…This is in agreement with previous results [5,16,40,41]. It is reported that in LLPS solution nucleation can take place in both the dispersed phase and the continuous phase [42] or at the interface between them [43]. However, for butyl paraben in no experiment of the present work did the nucleation occur inside the area of the cloudy solution but always took place inside the clear solution.…”

Section: Time For Nucleation Of Llps Solutionsupporting

confidence: 95%

Phase equilibrium and mechanisms of crystallization in liquid–liquid phase separating system

Yang

Rasmuson

2015

Fluid Phase Equilibria

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Section: Time For Nucleation Of Llps Solutionsupporting

confidence: 95%

Phase equilibrium and mechanisms of crystallization in liquid–liquid phase separating system

Yang

Rasmuson

2015

Fluid Phase Equilibria

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“…e phases of mixed solution can be spontaneously separated after entering the phase-separation tank so that oil and aqueous phases can be separated and recycled back to their phase slot, respectively. Mullin points out that adding an appropriate amount of pure sodium chloride as a seed crystal in crystallizer can promote crystal nucleation, thereby shortening the induction period of crystal nucleus and reducing the possibility of second nucleation [19].…”

Section: Experimental Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Reaction Extraction Combining Crystallization for Growth of Sodium Chloride in a Spray Fluidized Bed Crystallizer

Zheng

Yan

Wang

2020

Journal of Chemistry

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At present, the crystal size of sodium chloride prepared by a traditional crystallization process (such as stirred crystallization) is inhomogeneous, and it has a great quantity of fine grains in crystallizer. This work presents a novel approach for the growth of sodium chloride from supersaturated solutions by reaction-extractive crystallization in a spray fluidized bed crystallizer (SFBC), in which sodium sulfate solution is transformed into potassium chloride and sulphuric acid based on a reactive extraction-crystallization process using triisooctylamine (TOL) in n-octanol as the extraction system. This paper mainly studies the effect of operating conditions (e.g., circulation flow rate, velocity ratio of oil and aqueous phases, crystallization temperature, hydraulic residence time, and feed velocity) on the crystal size distribution (CSD) during the crystallization process of sodium chloride in a SFBC. Experimental results show that the optimum conditions are 1.0362 m/s as the best circulation flow rate, 9.5 : 8.5 as the best velocity ratio of oil and aqueous phases, 313 K as the best temperature, 4320 s as residence time, and 8 mL.min−1 as the best feed velocity. Meanwhile, the proposed extraction kinetic model about extraction rates is developed and validated against data from the SFBC. And it proves that the reactive extraction system is controlled by diffusion and chemical reaction. Analysis of the extraction kinetic model and comparison with experiments reveal that the extraction kinetic model results are in well agreement with experiments. Furthermore, the uniform and large crystals can be obtained in a spray fluidized bed crystallizer without special concentration since extraction and crystallization are carried out in the same equipment. In addition, all of the sodium chloride products prepared under the optimal conditions in SFBC show a better CSD performance than the stirred crystallization. This research demonstrates that this process enables controlling the crystal size in a rather wide range, thus further underlining the potential of this technique for applications in the crystallization industry.

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“…The efficiency of the process is a function of the solid/solvent and the solvent/supercritical fluid affinity 112 . For example, Kluge et al 120 proved that crystallization from oil in water emulsions may be used as a purification step; they used SFE to remove the solvent and control crystallization rate of phenanthrene. In this process solvent is extracted before the onset of crystallization, therefore different methods of solvent extraction, such as dilution with water or SFE, affect the process primarily by providing different initial conditions for the crystallization step.…”

Section: Pharmaceuticalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Membrane Separation

Voutsas¹

2014

Food Engineering Handbook

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Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) has become one of the most popular green extraction techniques nowadays since it has demonstrated many advantages compared to traditional or classical extraction processes. Aspects such as improved selectivity, higher extraction yields, better fractionation capabilities and lower environmental impacts have been crucialto the important growth of SFE. In this chapter, fundamentals of SFE are presented together with the most important variables that can affect the extraction process and how to tune them. Moreover, interesting and new applications in different areas such as food science, pharmaceutical and others like, for instance, heavy metals recovery are presented.

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Emulsion crystallization of phenanthrene by supercritical fluid extraction of emulsions

Cited by 20 publications

References 16 publications

Phase equilibrium and mechanisms of crystallization in liquid–liquid phase separating system

Phase equilibrium and mechanisms of crystallization in liquid–liquid phase separating system

The Reaction Extraction Combining Crystallization for Growth of Sodium Chloride in a Spray Fluidized Bed Crystallizer

Membrane Separation

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