Emulsifier-Free Water-in-Biodiesel Emulsion Fuel via Steam Emulsification: Its Physical Properties, Combustion Performance, and Exhaust Emission

Sugeng, Dhani Avianto; Ithnin, Ahmad Muhsin; Yahya, Wira Jazair; Kadir, Hasannuddin Abd

doi:10.3390/en13205406

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…This is because water is not a combustible substance. This method was chosen with reference to previous studies on BSFC behavior of W/D emulsion fuels 28 , 32 , 47 . Therefore, in accordance with Eq.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engine performance and emissions evaluation of surfactant-free B30 biodiesel–diesel/water emulsion as alternative fuel

Mohd Tamam,

Omi,

Yahya

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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Malaysia is one of the top exporters of palm oil, and although currently facing fierce resistance towards palm oil imports in some parts of the globe, one of the ways to utilize this commodity is by increasing palm biodiesel content in local commercial diesel. However, due to the oxygen-rich nature of biodiesel, its utilization suffers from increased nitrogen oxides (NOx) emission compared to conventional diesel. To mitigate this issue and improve diesel engine performance and emissions using biodiesel–diesel blends, this study attempted to investigate implementation of a real-time non-surfactant emulsion fuel supply system (RTES) which produces water-in-diesel emulsion as fuel without surfactants. NOx reducing capability of water-in-diesel produced by RTES has been well documented. Therefore, in this study, 30% biodiesel–diesel (B30) was used as the base fuel while B30-derived emulsions consisting of 10 wt%, 15 wt% and 20 wt% water content were supplied into a 100 kVA, 5.9-L common rail turbocharged diesel engine electric generator. Fuel consumption and exhaust emissions were measured and compared with commercially available Malaysian low grade diesel fuel (D2M). Evidence suggested that emulsified B30 biodiesel–diesel produced by RTES was able to increase brake thermal efficiency (BTE) up to a maximum of 36% and reduce brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) up to 8.70%. Furthermore, B30 biodiesel–diesel emulsions produced significantly less NOx, carbon monoxide and smoke at high engine load. In conclusion, B30 biodiesel–diesel emulsions can be readily utilized in current diesel engines without compromising on performance and emissions.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engine performance and emissions evaluation of surfactant-free B30 biodiesel–diesel/water emulsion as alternative fuel

Mohd Tamam,

Omi,

Yahya

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

Self Cite

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“…Therefore, engine research and improvement activities are still urgently being carried out in a variety of critical areas [15]. Today's complex and advanced engine designs, after a century of continuous improvement, still need further and intensive research efforts, mostly related to performance improvement and, as equally, emission reduction [16][17][18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

LESS Spark Ignition Engine: An Innovative Alternative to the Crankshaft Mechanism

Georgitzikis,

Pettas,

Loukas

et al. 2023

Energies

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In recent years, the internal combustion engine has been the subject of debate mainly concerning its environmental impact. Despite all the discussion it becomes clear day by day that combustion engines will continue to occupy their dominant role over the following decades, especially in the mid- and large-size power spectrum ranges and retain a large share of the market in the smaller-size segment of their application. In this context, in the present paper, a novel engine kinematic mechanism is introduced, which converts rotary to reciprocating motion, and aims to become a potential replacement for the traditional crankshaft mechanism of piston engines. Following a description of the fundamental principles of the new design, we detail the main problems with the application of the new design in the first prototype SI engine and the actions and improvements implemented to overcome them. The actual measurement data from basic engine performance parameters are provided and evaluated, leading to conclusions and decisions for further action which should be implemented in the next improvement steps. Overall, the new SI engine, implementing the novel kinematic mechanism, seems to be quite promising especially in hybrid automotive applications, a fact that encourages the implementation of further improvement plans.

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“…. 10 µm diameter of droplets) and diesel fuel as a dispersion medium [8][9][10], and the volumetric water content in the fuel-water emulsions can vary from 5% to 30%, and is an object of strict control during the process of emulsification [4,[11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Capacitive Water-Cut Meter with Robust Near-Linear Transfer Function

Zabolotnyi¹,

Zabolotnyi²,

Koshevoy³

2022

Computation

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The water content in fuel–water emulsions can vary from 10% to 30%, and is under control during the process of emulsification. The main task of this study was to obtain near-linear static function for a water-cut meter with capacitive sensors, and to provide it with effective type-uncertainty compensation during the process of water–fuel emulsion moisture control. To fulfill the capacitive measurements, two capacitive sensors in the measuring channel and two capacitive sensors in the reference channel were used. The method of least squares and general linear regression instruments were used to obtain robust and near-linear transfer function of the capacitive water-cut meter. The prototype product of the water-cut meter was developed with the purpose of fulfilling multiple moisture measurements and checking the workability of the new transfer function. Values of moisture content for the new transfer function and the closest analog were compared with the help of dispersion analysis. The new transfer function provided minimal dispersions of repeatability and adequacy, and minimal F-test values, proving its better capability for type-uncertainty compensation and better adequacy for the nominal linear transfer function of the water-cut meter.

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Emulsifier-Free Water-in-Biodiesel Emulsion Fuel via Steam Emulsification: Its Physical Properties, Combustion Performance, and Exhaust Emission

Cited by 13 publications

References 22 publications

Engine performance and emissions evaluation of surfactant-free B30 biodiesel–diesel/water emulsion as alternative fuel

Engine performance and emissions evaluation of surfactant-free B30 biodiesel–diesel/water emulsion as alternative fuel

LESS Spark Ignition Engine: An Innovative Alternative to the Crankshaft Mechanism

Capacitive Water-Cut Meter with Robust Near-Linear Transfer Function

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