Emulsification using microporous systems

Production of uniform droplets using membrane, microchannel and microfluidic emulsification devices

“…The effect of process parameters on droplet generation behaviour in direct ME has been the subject of several reviews (Joscelyne and Trägårdh, 2000;Rayner and Trägårdh, 2002;Charcosset et al, 2004;Lambrich and Vladisavljević, 2004;Gijsbertsen-Abrahamse et al, 2004;Yuan et al, 2010). The main factors affecting the drop size are wetting properties and microstructure of the membrane (pore size distribution, pore shape, spatial distribution of the pores, pore tortuosity, etc), but other parameters also play an important role, such as transmembrane flux, shear stress on the membrane surface, viscosity of the continuous and dispersed phase, surfactant type and concentration, emulsion formulation, etc.…”

Subcritical Water-Assisted Emulsification of Oil / Water: The Effect of the Solubility of the Organic Solvent and Surfactants

“…The size of the oil droplets and their dispersity in general depend on the emulsification technique. Previously, the oil droplets in emulsions have been prepared by homogenizers, ultrasound homogenizers, rotor stator systems, microchannels [3], a membrane emulsification technique [4] or subcritical water-assisted emulsification [5][6][7][8]. Subcritical water is water that maintains its liquid state at elevated temperatures under pressurized conditions; i.e.…”

Microfluidic methods to study emulsion formation

“…A comparison of the energy efficiency of various emulsification devices is shown in Figure 1.1; the emulsification processes are discussed in more detail in the following sections. (Stang et al 2001)), colloid mill (30% oil) (-) (Karbstein & Schubert 1995), membrane emulsification (direct (20% oil (▲) and 50% oil (•) (Lambrich & Schubert 2005)) and pre-mix emulsification (5% oil) (♦) (van der Zwan et al 2008)), and spontaneous microfluidics (grooved microchannel (x), straight-through microchannel (+), and edge-based droplet generation device (*) (30% oil) (Maan et al 2011)). …”