Emulsification characteristics of nano-emulsions of solketal in diesel prepared using microwave irradiation

Lin, Cherng‐Yuan

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2018.02.091

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…In addition, the amounts of heat release of Span 80 and Tween 80 are 1.99 and 2.35 times of that of solketal. Lin and Tsai [14] compared the emulsification characteristics of solketal-in-ULSD emulsions prepared with surfactant mixture of Span 80 and Tween 80 ranging from 5 wt. % to 20 wt.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A larger extent of secondary atomization therefore occurred, leading to higher combustion efficiency for the nanoemulsion. The photographs of optical electron microscope associated with a charge-coupled device provided by Lin and Tsai [14] illustrated the dispersed droplet distribution of the solketal-in-diesel nanoemulsion after being prepared by microwave irradiation and kept motionless for 7 days. They found thermodynamically stable nanoemulsion in which nanometer-sized droplets were well-distributed in the continuous diesel phase.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mehta et al [13] prepared water-in-diesel nanoemulsion together with nano-Al additive to improve the combustion characteristics of diesel fuel. Lin and Tsai [14] analyzed the emulsification characteristics of nanoemulsions of solketal in diesel and found the increase of solketal content in the emulsion caused the increase of the kinematic viscosity and mean droplet size and decrease of the emulsification stability. In addition, emulsion fuel has been used as alternative fuel of diesel engines to improve their engine performance [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of Engine Performance between Nano- and Microemulsions of Solketal Droplets Dispersed in Diesel Assisted by Microwave Irradiation

Lin

2019

Molecules

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As a derivative product of bio-glycerol, this study first uses solketal as a combustion improver for enhancing diesel engine characteristics. The emulsions of nanometer- and micrometer-sized droplets of solketal, which disperse evenly in the ultra-low sulfur diesel (ULSD), are formed by the effects of microwave irradiation. The performance of diesel engine fueled with the nanoemulsion of ULSD with scattered solketal droplets is analyzed and compared to that with the microemulsion. The experimental results show that the nanoemulsions can form when over 15 wt. % surfactant mixtures of Span 80 and Tween 80 and less than 5 wt. % solketal are mixed and emulsified with the remaining ULSD content, which acts as the continuous phase of the emulsions. The nanoemulsions are observed to have significantly lower brake-specific fuel consumption (bsfc) and higher fuel conversion efficiency and exhaust gas temperature than those of the microemulsions and the neat ULSD. However, the bsfc of the nanoemulsions increases with greater engine speed and gradually approaches those of the latter two test fuels. In addition, the dispersed solketal droplet sizes are mostly concentrated around 127 nm with peak intensity of 12.65% in the nanoemulsions. The microwave-assisted formation used in this study is found to successfully produce the nanoemulsions in which all of the dispersed droplet sizes are much smaller than 1000 nm.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of Engine Performance between Nano- and Microemulsions of Solketal Droplets Dispersed in Diesel Assisted by Microwave Irradiation

Lin

2019

Molecules

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“…As an alternative fuel, water emulsified fuel has attracted considerable attention due to its remarkable advantages including suppressing NO x and soot pollutants, improving the economic advantages, , as well as no modification required when used in marine engines. − Maiboom et al demonstrated that the atomization and combustion performance of water emulsified fuel had improved compared with HFO, which could be attributed to microexplosion and secondary atomization. In addition, it is also promising for blending clean renewable fuels, such as bioethanol and glycerol, to reduce traditional fuel consumption and pollutant emissions. − Nour et al reported a reduction in NO x and opacity emissions and an increase in CO and HC emissions for all higher alcohol/diesel blends tested, based on adding higher alcohols (butanol, octanol, and heptanol) to diesel. Zhang et al prepared glycerol emulsified diesel fuel successfully, and it was found that the temperature and surfactant had a more significant influence on emulsion stability compared with the stirring speed and time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Multifactor on the Stability of Glucose Solution Emulsified Heavy Fuel Oil

Wang,

Chen,

Awad

et al. 2023

ACS Omega

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Water emulsified heavy fuel oil (HFO) has been a promising alternative fuel for reducing oil consumption and preventing environmental pollution. However, the intrinsic challenges such as fuel formula, emulsion stability, and preparation process normally limit its further applications in energy-saving and emission reduction applications. In this study, the glucose obtained from biomass was added to a dispersed-phase aqueous solution of water emulsified HFO to prepare a novel alternative emulsified fuel. First, based on the preliminary experimental design, the effects of glucose and surfactant on the stability of the HFO emulsion were systematically evaluated through the appearance of emulsion separation, droplet size distribution, and rheological characteristics. It indicated that the surfactant ratio, hydrophilic–lipophilic balance value, solution ratio, and glucose/water ratio had significant impacts on emulsion stability. Subsequently, the optimum range of influencing factors of emulsion stability was determined by a single factor experiment and determined by the response surface methodology based on the Box–Behnken design; the optimal values of the above factors were 2.439 v/v%, 5.807, 26.462 v/v%, and 35.729%, respectively. Under these conditions, an optimal glucose solution emulsified HFO with a uniform brown color and long-term stability was obtained, making the unseparated emulsion ratio reach 98% (lasting for 7 days at 85 °C). Meanwhile, it emerged that the influence of multifactor on emulsion stability was not a simple linear correlation, and there were significant interactions between the solution ratio and the surfactant ratio, as well as between the glucose/water ratio and the surfactant ratio.

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Numerical investigation on spray, combustion and emission characteristics of marine engine for polyol solution-heavy fuel oil blend fuels

Liang,

Chen,

Awad

et al. 2024

Case Studies in Thermal Engineering

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Emulsification characteristics of nano-emulsions of solketal in diesel prepared using microwave irradiation

Cited by 8 publications

References 21 publications

Comparison of Engine Performance between Nano- and Microemulsions of Solketal Droplets Dispersed in Diesel Assisted by Microwave Irradiation

Comparison of Engine Performance between Nano- and Microemulsions of Solketal Droplets Dispersed in Diesel Assisted by Microwave Irradiation

Effect of Multifactor on the Stability of Glucose Solution Emulsified Heavy Fuel Oil

Numerical investigation on spray, combustion and emission characteristics of marine engine for polyol solution-heavy fuel oil blend fuels

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