Empowerment, partner’s behaviours and intimate partner physical violence among married women in Uganda

Kwagala, Betty; Wandera, Stephen Ojiambo; Ndugga, Patricia; Kabagenyi, Allen

doi:10.1186/1471-2458-13-1112

Cited by 83 publications

(128 citation statements)

References 44 publications

(76 reference statements)

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“…In the Caribbean, 70.9% of respondents reported having experienced interpersonal violence, which was most commonly caused by an intimate partner (62.8%). 24 Kwagala et al 25 It might have been anticipated that women with PFD would experience higher rates of IPV than women without PFD; however, the present study found no such between-group difference. Indeed, the overall rates of IPV reported in the present study were consistent with those of the 2011 Uganda Demographic and Health Survey.…”

Section: No Tension 2 Some Tension 3 a Lot Tensioncontrasting

confidence: 43%

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Incidence of intimate partner violence among Ugandan women with pelvic floor dysfunction

Krause

Singasi

et al. 2019

Intl J Gynecology & Obste

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Objective To assess the occurrence of intimate partner violence (IPV) among women seeking surgery for pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD) in a rural African community. Methods A prospective questionnaire‐based study was conducted among women with obstetric fistula, unrepaired obstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASIS), or severe (stage 3 or 4) pelvic organ prolapse (POP) who attended surgical camps at Kagando Hospital in western Uganda between July 15, 2016, and September 14, 2017. The control group comprised women without PFD. Participants completed the Hurt, Insult, Threaten, and Scream (HITS) tool and the Woman Abuse Screening Tool (WAST) to screen for IPV. Results 117 of the 312 women interviewed reported current IPV: 73/214 (34.1%) in the PFD group and 44/98 (44.9%) in the control group. The PFD group comprised unrepaired OASIS (n=85, 39.7%), obstetric fistula (n=75, 35.1%), and severe POP (n=54, 25.2%). All groups experienced high levels of IPV. The frequency of positive screening results for IPV with WAST (score ≥13.0) and/or HITS (score ≥10.5) were: severe POP (n=17, 31.5%), obstetric fistula (n=28, 37.3%), unrepaired OASIS (n=30, 35.3%), and control group (n=44, 44.9%). Conclusion Women in western Uganda experienced high rates of IPV, regardless of whether or not they had PFD. ANZCTR number: ACTRN12617001073392.

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Section: No Tension 2 Some Tension 3 a Lot Tensioncontrasting

confidence: 43%

“…Kwagala et al . analyzed the 2011 Uganda Demographic and Health Survey data for empowerment, partner's behaviors, and intimate partner physical violence (IPPV) among married women in Uganda.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence of intimate partner violence among Ugandan women with pelvic floor dysfunction

Krause

Singasi

et al. 2019

Intl J Gynecology & Obste

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“…is might be because this study measures a lifetime physical violence, an individual with longer working experience as a housemaid might have a higher chance of experiencing physical violence. Tigray, Mekele, and Gondar town which revealed that alcohol consumption of employers increased the likelihood of physical violence [5,6,13,19,[21][22][23]. Many victims of housemaids reported that when the employers took excess alcohol than usual, they assaulted the housemaids.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Violence and Associated Factors among Housemaids Living in Debre-Tabor Town, Northwest Ethiopia: Does Employer Alcohol Intake Increase Housemaid Violence?

Azanaw

Gelagay

Lakew

et al. 2019

International Journal of Reproductive Medicine

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Background. Violence against women and girls continues to be a global epidemic, including Ethiopia. Housemaids are a neglected segment of the population, and there are no sufficient findings in our country. This study aimed to assess the magnitude of physical violence and associated factors among housemaids aged 15 years and above living in Debre Tabor town, northwest Ethiopia. Methods. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Debre Tabor town, northwest Ethiopia from April 1 to 30, 2018. A total of 634 housemaids were selected using cluster sampling method. Data were entered into Epi info version 7.2.2.6 and analyzed with SPSS version 20 using descriptive and analytic statistics. Binary logistic regression analysis was carried out to identify independent significant factors. Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to report the strength of associations. Results. From 634 housemaids that participated in the study, 235 (37.1%, 95% CI: 33.1−41.0) of them experienced at least one type of physical violence in their lifetime. Housemaids who previously lived in rural areas (AOR=2.82, 95% CI: 1.61, 4.94), had high working experience (AOR=2.17, 95% CI: 1.27, 3.71), not having parents (AOR=2.02, 95% CI: 1.18, 3.46), being divorced (AOR=2.23, 95% CI: 1.31, 4.20), employer alcohol consumption (AOR=4.97, 95% CI: 2.81, 8.79), and presence of extended family with employers (AOR=2.26, 95% CI: 1.42, 3.59) were independently associated with the probability of housemaid physical violence. Conclusion. High prevalence of housemaid physical violence has been reported. Socio-demographic characteristics of both employers and employees and the behavioral characteristics of employers contributed to physical violence. It is important to give special attention to housemaids who came from rural areas and do not have parents. It is also important to make work experience of housemaids as short as possible.

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“…In adulthood, expectations of the role of mother and wife – namely to maintain family harmony – make women more dependent on an intact marriage to preserve personal and family honor. Although having children was not associated with experiencing IPV in one study of women in rural Vietnam (Vung et al, 2008), motherhood is associated with a higher risk of violence against women in Cambodia, Malaysia, Uganda, and the United States (Acevedo, Lowe, Griffin, & Botvin, 2013; Awang & Hariharan, 2011; Kwagala, Wandera, Ndugga, & Kabagenyi, 2013; Yount & Carrera, 2006). In Vietnam and other countries, women tolerate violence to preserve family unity in their role as mothers (Garcia-Moreno et al, 2006; Schuler et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Why Do Women Justify Violence Against Wives More Often Than Do Men in Vietnam?

Krause

Gordon-Roberts

VanderEnde

et al. 2016

J Interpers Violence

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Background Intimate partner violence (IPV) harms the health of women and their children. In Vietnam, 31% of women report lifetime exposure to physical IPV, and surprisingly, women justify physical IPV against wives more often than do men. Objective We compare men’s and women’s rates of finding good reason for wife hitting and assess whether differences in childhood experiences and resources and constraints in adulthood account for observed differences. Methods Probability samples of married men (N = 522) and women (N = 533) were surveyed in Vietnam. Ordered logit models assessed the proportional odds for women versus men of finding more “good reasons” to hit a wife (never, 1–3 situations, 4–6 situations). Results In all situations, women found good reason to hit a wife more often than did men. The unadjusted odds for women versus men of reporting more good reasons to hit a wife were 6.55 (95% CI 4.82 – 8.91). This gap disappeared in adjusted models that included significant interactions of gender with age, number of children ever born, and experience of physical IPV as an adult. Discussion Having children was associated with justifying wife hitting among women but not men. Exposure to IPV in adulthood was associated with justifying wife hitting among men but was negatively associated with justification of IPV among women. Further study of the gendered effects of resources and constraints in adulthood on attitudes about IPV against women will clarify women’s more frequent reporting than men’s that IPV against women is justified.

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Empowerment, partner’s behaviours and intimate partner physical violence among married women in Uganda

Cited by 83 publications

References 44 publications

Incidence of intimate partner violence among Ugandan women with pelvic floor dysfunction

Incidence of intimate partner violence among Ugandan women with pelvic floor dysfunction

Physical Violence and Associated Factors among Housemaids Living in Debre-Tabor Town, Northwest Ethiopia: Does Employer Alcohol Intake Increase Housemaid Violence?

Why Do Women Justify Violence Against Wives More Often Than Do Men in Vietnam?

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