“…Author/s Definition/Understandings of Women's Empowerment (Baden and Reeves 2000) Women's empowerment is a strategy for the development of a country, since it involves women in decision making to achieve equality, which is one of the basis of development plans in addition to security. (Diwakar et al 2008) Women's empowerment enables women to transform the socio-economic conditions and development of a country.…”
The area of women’s empowerment has attracted increasing attention among a wide range of interest groups, from authors to researchers to feminist scholars and non-governmental organizations (NGOs). This paper aims to identify the diverse understandings of women’s empowerment in the literature and to discuss empirical evidence from NGO projects in the field. A systematic literature review is employed that includes an analysis of relevant high-quality articles and research papers published in the Scopus database, as well as those produced by United Nations (UN) bodies and well-published authors. The findings highlighted four common understandings of women’s empowerment including granting women a voice, challenging existing power structures, the radical transformation of lives and livelihoods, and gender mainstreaming. The findings of these empirical studies on the role of NGOs in this field revealed understandings limited to granting women a voice and gender mainstreaming, thus reflecting the fact that limited knowledge of women’s empowerment hampers the ability of NGOs to serve women’s advancement and sustainable development. Furthermore, and given that these approaches and understandings still fall short of achieving social inclusion for women, it is recommended that these NGOs discharge their efforts toward initiating systemic change to actually sustain female empowerment in the communities in which they are active.
“…Author/s Definition/Understandings of Women's Empowerment (Baden and Reeves 2000) Women's empowerment is a strategy for the development of a country, since it involves women in decision making to achieve equality, which is one of the basis of development plans in addition to security. (Diwakar et al 2008) Women's empowerment enables women to transform the socio-economic conditions and development of a country.…”
The area of women’s empowerment has attracted increasing attention among a wide range of interest groups, from authors to researchers to feminist scholars and non-governmental organizations (NGOs). This paper aims to identify the diverse understandings of women’s empowerment in the literature and to discuss empirical evidence from NGO projects in the field. A systematic literature review is employed that includes an analysis of relevant high-quality articles and research papers published in the Scopus database, as well as those produced by United Nations (UN) bodies and well-published authors. The findings highlighted four common understandings of women’s empowerment including granting women a voice, challenging existing power structures, the radical transformation of lives and livelihoods, and gender mainstreaming. The findings of these empirical studies on the role of NGOs in this field revealed understandings limited to granting women a voice and gender mainstreaming, thus reflecting the fact that limited knowledge of women’s empowerment hampers the ability of NGOs to serve women’s advancement and sustainable development. Furthermore, and given that these approaches and understandings still fall short of achieving social inclusion for women, it is recommended that these NGOs discharge their efforts toward initiating systemic change to actually sustain female empowerment in the communities in which they are active.
“…If they are coherent, credible and multi-dimensional, the different opinions and thoughts are interconnected and causal relations become clearer as they inform researchers and practitioners about the necessary resources needed to solve the problem [8]. Researchers use customized tools to improve plan preparation and monitoring in multiple stages throughout the project [14,19,64]. The process within a project is another critical variable to consider when making any further planning or assessments.…”
Section: Involving Stakeholders Throughout the Process Through Interamentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The purpose is to feed the projects with their thoughts and opinions supported by timely and meaningful evaluative thinking so as to improve the projects and help them to become useful to the stakeholders in a changing and complex environment. Diwakar et al (2008), in their study, came up with a monitoring plan to make the developmental process transparent to all those involved. This does not only help impact assessment at various stages of the project, but also at the preparation stage.…”
“…In many developing countries, innovation has become the key to economic development, employment, increased education and access to international markets [14][15][16][17] that improves the well-being of local livelihoods. Advanced technologies in infrastructure may enhance access to markets thereby increase agricultural production [17][18][19][20][21]. Additionally, improvements in information access and communication let people have better knowledge and access to health care services.…”
Assessing impacts in innovation contexts/settings with the aim of fostering sustainability requires tackling complex issues. Literature shows that key sources of this complexity relate to the need to integrate the local context; identify the underlying problems; engage key stakeholders; and reflect on their feedback throughout the innovation process. A systematic literature review on innovation impact assessment reveals that social impacts have been the most studied, thus, where promising methods and tools were used. Nevertheless, there are many unresolved issues beyond assessing social impacts in innovation processes. Literature highlights that building on co-creating innovation processes that respond to stakeholders’ real needs and context, and adapting to changing circumstances by integrating timely feedback from stakeholders are two critical challenges calling for a systems thinking approach. This study proposes Developmental Evaluation (DE) as a systemic approach to evaluation which supports adaptive development in complex environments and that adds value by integrating continuous feedback from diverse stakeholders. As a non-prescriptive evaluation approach in terms of methods and tools, DE can provide meaningful guidance to use diverse methods and tools in furthering ongoing development and adaptation in innovation processes by linking the evaluation activities—impact assessment among them—with the DE principles that are situational, adaptive and continuously responsive.
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