Empowering Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cell Therapy With CRISPR

Zhou, Xuanzhu

doi:10.2144/btn-2019-0107

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…We are endowed with two types of CAR-T cell therapy according to the source of T cells: autologous or allogeneic. Both FDA-approved CAR-T cell therapies are autologous [ 98 ]. However, autologous therapy has a wide range of limitations compared with allogeneic therapy.…”

Section: Outstanding Role-played By Crispr-cas9 Technology In the Cel...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent advances and applications of CRISPR-Cas9 in cancer immunotherapy

Shi

Ren

et al. 2023

Mol Cancer

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The incidence and mortality of cancer are the major health issue worldwide. Apart from the treatments developed to date, the unsatisfactory therapeutic effects of cancers have not been addressed by broadening the toolbox. The advent of immunotherapy has ushered in a new era in the treatments of solid tumors, but remains limited and requires breaking adverse effects. Meanwhile, the development of advanced technologies can be further boosted by gene analysis and manipulation at the molecular level. The advent of cutting-edge genome editing technology, especially clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR-Cas9), has demonstrated its potential to break the limits of immunotherapy in cancers. In this review, the mechanism of CRISPR-Cas9-mediated genome editing and a powerful CRISPR toolbox are introduced. Furthermore, we focus on reviewing the impact of CRISPR-induced double-strand breaks (DSBs) on cancer immunotherapy (knockout or knockin). Finally, we discuss the CRISPR-Cas9-based genome-wide screening for target identification, emphasis the potential of spatial CRISPR genomics, and present the comprehensive application and challenges in basic research, translational medicine and clinics of CRISPR-Cas9.

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Section: Outstanding Role-played By Crispr-cas9 Technology In the Cel...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Given the presence of endogenous TCR and HLA on donor T lymphocytes, the most significant challenge with universal products is the potential risk of Graft-Versus-Host-Disease (GVHD) and alloreactivity (host versus graft response) [ 98 ] (Fig. 3 ).…”

Section: Outstanding Role-played By Crispr-cas9 Technology In the Cel...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances and applications of CRISPR-Cas9 in cancer immunotherapy

Shi

Ren

et al. 2023

Mol Cancer

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“…Due to the presence of endogenous TCR and HLA on donor T cells, universal CAR T-cells often meet the challenges of Graft-Versus-Host-Disease (GVHD) and alloreactivity (host-versus-graft response) [122]. Recent CRISPR/Cas9 maturation can overcome these barriers by silencing the surface expression of TCR and HLA on T-cells.…”

Section: Universal Car T Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

CRISPR/Cas9 system: recent applications in immuno-oncology and cancer immunotherapy

Chen,

Wang,

Qin

2023

Exp Hematol Oncol

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Clustered regulatory interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) is essentially an adaptive immunity weapon in prokaryotes against foreign DNA. This system inspires the development of genome-editing technology in eukaryotes. In biomedicine research, CRISPR has offered a powerful platform to establish tumor-bearing models and screen potential targets in the immuno-oncology field, broadening our insights into cancer genomics. In translational medicine, the versatile CRISPR/Cas9 system exhibits immense potential to break the current limitations of cancer immunotherapy, thereby expanding the feasibility of adoptive cell therapy (ACT) in treating solid tumors. Herein, we first explain the principles of CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing technology and introduce CRISPR as a tool in tumor modeling. We next focus on the CRISPR screening for target discovery that reveals tumorigenesis, immune evasion, and drug resistance mechanisms. Moreover, we discuss the recent breakthroughs of genetically modified ACT using CRISPR/Cas9. Finally, we present potential challenges and perspectives in basic research and clinical translation of CRISPR/Cas9. This review provides a comprehensive overview of CRISPR/Cas9 applications that advance our insights into tumor-immune interaction and lay the foundation to optimize cancer immunotherapy.

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