Employment status, inflation and suicidal behaviour: An analysis of a stratified sample in Italy

Solano, Paola; Pizzorno, Enrico; Gallina, Anna Maria; Mattei, Chiara; Gabrielli, Filippo; Kayman, Joshua

doi:10.1177/0020764011408651

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…The present study included several control variables (e.g., sociodemographic, behavioural, and psychopathological factors) that have previously been reported to be associated with both religiosity and suicidality. Specifically, sex , age , ethnicity , income , marital status , employment , loneliness , social support , number of stressful life events , perceived stress , chronic physical conditions , smoking status , alcohol dependence , drug use , and common mental disorders were considered as control variables in this study.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association of religiosity with suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in the United Kingdom

Jacob

Haro

Koyanagi

2018

Acta Psychiatr Scand

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The association of religiosity with suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in the United Kingdom.Objective: The goal was to analyze the association of religiosity with suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in a UK nationally representative sample.Methods: This study used cross-sectional data from 7403 people who participated in the 2007 Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey (APMS). Religion was assessed with the question 'Do you have a specific religion?' with 'yes' and 'no' answer options. Lifetime and past 12month suicidal ideation and suicide attempts were assessed. The association between religiosity and suicidality was studied in multivariable logistic regression models adjusted for sociodemographic, behavioural, and psychopathological factors. Results: Compared to those without a religion, the prevalence of past 12-month suicidal ideation (3.2% vs. 5.4%), past 12-month suicide attempts (0.4% vs. 0.9%), lifetime suicidal ideation (11.2% vs. 16.4%), and lifetime suicide attempts (3.6% vs. 6.0%) was lower among those with a religion. In the fully adjusted model, having a religion was significantly associated with lower odds for all types of suicidality except past 12-month suicide attempts: suicidal ideation (past 12month: OR = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.51-0.99; lifetime: OR = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.69-0.99) and suicide attempts (past 12-month: OR = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.35-1.45; lifetime: OR = 0.69, 95% CI = 0.53-0.90). Conclusion: There is a negative association between religiosity and suicidality in the UK. Future studies should focus on the underlying mechanisms. Significant outcomes• The prevalence of suicidal ideation and suicide attempts was lower in religious people than in non-religious people in the UK.• There was a significant and negative relationship of religiosity with suicidal ideation (past 12-month and lifetime) and suicide attempts (lifetime) after adjustment for sociodemographic, behavioural, and psychopathological factors.• Future studies are needed to gain a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms involved in this association. Limitations• More detailed series of questions on religiosity would have allowed for a better estimation of the religiosity-suicidality relationship.• Suicidality was assessed with self-reports. As suicide is associated with stigma, participants might have responded in a socially desirable manner, potentially leading to an underestimation of the associations.• The design of this study was cross-sectional, and it was thus not possible to determine causality or temporality in the association between religiosity and suicidal ideation or suicide attempt.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association of religiosity with suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in the United Kingdom

Jacob

Haro

Koyanagi

2018

Acta Psychiatr Scand

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“…An Italian study investigating the relationship between inflation, employment status and suicidal behavior in a stratified sample showed that the unemployed were at higher suicide risk than the employed and in particular, this was higher in the unemployed who had been previously employed (Solano et al 2012). The change in social status caused by the job-loss would have determined a further vulnerability to inflation in this sample compared with the unemployed who never worked and those employed (Solano et al 2012). These recent studies show a complex interplay of socio-economic factors influencing suicidal behaviorswhich is still an open question.…”

Section: A New Conceptualization Of Suicide Within Economies Of Powermentioning

confidence: 72%

“…Considering other economic parameters, an increase in gross domestic product per capita and gross value added negative correlated with suicide rates in Europe (Breuer, 2015). An Italian study investigating the relationship between inflation, employment status and suicidal behavior in a stratified sample showed that the unemployed were at higher suicide risk than the employed and in particular, this was higher in the unemployed who had been previously employed (Solano et al 2012). The change in social status caused by the job-loss would have determined a further vulnerability to inflation in this sample compared with the unemployed who never worked and those employed (Solano et al 2012).…”

Section: A New Conceptualization Of Suicide Within Economies Of Powermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The current economic crisis has been positively related to suicide rates by several studies (Stuckler et al 2009;De Vogli et al 2012), though it is unclear whether economic downturns and unemployment may represent causal factors for suicide (Hawton & Van Heeringen, 2009;Luo et al 2011;Innamorati et al 2012;Solano et al 2012). A number of studies demonstrate that European countries with large fiscal adjustments are notably affected by increasing suicide rates (Stuckler et al 2011;Karanikolos et al 2013;Breuer, 2015) although specific investigations in some countries fail to confirm these findings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Conceptualizations of suicide through time and socio-economic factors: a historical mini-review

Solano

Pizzorno²,

Pompili

et al. 2017

Ir. j. psychol. Med.

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“…Udruženost stope nezaposlenosti i stope pokušaja samoubistva je vrlo česta [10]. Dejstvu nezaposlenosti verovatno doprinose faktori kao što su ugroženost ekonomske egzistencije, izolovanost, osećanje beznađa.…”

Section: Diskusijaunclassified

Gender differences in characteristics of suicide attempts

Ljusic¹

2014

Praxis Med

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Pokušaj samoubistva predstavlja aktivnosti koje imaju za cilj oduzimanje sopstvenog života, a koje ne završavaju smrću. Odnos pokušanih i realizovanih samoubistava izražen je tzv. Indeksom opasnosti (Hazard ratio). Faktori rizika koji podstiču samoubilačko ponašanje su: različita emocionalna stanja, crte ličnosti, stresogeni životni događaji, zloupotreba psihoaktivnih supstanci itd. Cilj rada: prikazati učestalost i epidemiološko demografske karakteristike pokušanih samoubistava kod žena i muškaraca. Urađeno je istraživanje na uzorku od 56 pacijenata kod kojih je postavljena dijagnoza pokušaja samoubistva (Tentamen suicidii), na psihijatrijskom odeljenju KBC Priština, Gračanica. Uzorak je analiziran na osnovu pola, starosne dobi, zanimanja/zaposlenosti, psihijatrijske dijagnoze, motiva i načina pokušaja samoubistva. Rezultati: samoubistvo su pokušale 42 žene (75%) i 14 muškaraca (25%). Najveći broj ispitanika (26.8) u našem istraživanju su iz starosne dobi <20 godina. Najzastupljeniji su nezaposleni, 33,3% žena i 50% muška-raca. Najčešća dijagnoza su anksiozni poremećaji, 61,9% žena i 57,1% muškaraca. Najčešći motiv kod žena je patrnerski konflikt 54,8%, kod muškaraca egzistencijalna ugroženost 50%. Od 56 pacijenata njih 51 (91,1%) je pokušalo samoubistvo trovanjem i to anksioliticima. Znatno veći broj pokušaja samoubistva (75%) desio se u popodnevnim i vešernjim časovima, u periodu od 12 do 24h. Zaključak: žene su češće pokušavale samoubistvo u odnosu na muškarce, odnos 3:1. Najčešće nezaposleni kod oba pola ispitanika, najčešća dijagnoza, anksiozni poremećaji. Najzastupljeniji motiv kod žena je partnerski konflikt, kod muškaraca egzistencijalna ugroženost. Kod oba pola ispitanika najčešći način pokušaja samoubistva je trovanje, najčešće u periodu od 12 do 24h.Ključne reči: pokušaj samoubistva, faktori rizika, pol. UVODPokušaj samoubistva predstavlja aktivnosti koje imaju za cilj oduzimanje sopstvenog života, a koje ne završavaju smrću [1]. Oko milion ljudi godišnje izvrši samoubistvo, a između deset i dvadeset miliona pokuša samoubistvo. Broj ljudi koji su pod rizikom od pokušaja samoubistva varira između 0,4 i 4,2% [2]. Odnos pokušanih i realizovanih samoubistava izražen je tzv. indeksom opasnosti (Hazard ratio). Indeks ima različite vrednosti u zavisnosti od faktora rizika, vrste pokušaja samoubistva ili posmatranog regiona [3,4]. Mnogi teorijski okviri pokušavaju da objasne interakcije različitih faktora rizika koji pokreću samoubilačke misli, dovode do samoubilačkog ponašanja. Faktori rizika koji podstiču samoubilačko ponašanje (facilitatori) su: različita emocionalna stanja (depresivno raspoloženje, beznadežnost, anksioznost, ljutnja, bes, razdražljivost, stid, krivica, usamljenost, patnja, afektivna nestabilnost), crte ličnosti (impulsivnost, agresivnost, acting-out reakcije, ambicija, perfekcionizam, nisko samovrednovanje, konfuzija identiteta), stresogeni životni događaji (gubici-emocionalni, fizički, materijalni, interpersonalni konflikti, seksualno i fizičko zlostavljanje, loša akademska postignuća)....

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Employment status, inflation and suicidal behaviour: An analysis of a stratified sample in Italy

Abstract: The reported vulnerability to suicidal behaviours among the PE as inflation rises underlines the need of effective support strategies for both genders in times of economic downturns.

Cited by 12 publications

References 61 publications

The association of religiosity with suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in the United Kingdom

The association of religiosity with suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in the United Kingdom

Conceptualizations of suicide through time and socio-economic factors: a historical mini-review

Gender differences in characteristics of suicide attempts

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