Employment Loss as a Result of COVID-19: a Nationwide Survey at the Onset of COVID-19 in US LGBTQ+ Populations

Martino, Richard J.; Krause, Kristen D.; Griffin, Marybec; LoSchiavo, Caleb; Comer-Carruthers, Camilla; Halkitis, Perry N.

doi:10.1007/s13178-021-00665-9

Cited by 21 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 45 publications

(33 reference statements)

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“…Two focused on Black women exclusively [ 60 , 70 ]) and one on Black fathers [ 31 ]. Only two examined the lives of sexual minorities [ 67 , 71 ]. Eight articles were published in 2020, 13 published in 2021, and 23 in 2022.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Black and Hispanic Americans’ Work Outcomes: a Scoping Review

Jason¹,

Wilson²,

Catoe³

et al. 2023

J. Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities

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In early 2020, it was hypothesized that COVID-19 would lead to disproportionately negative health and work outcomes for Black and Hispanic adults, but sufficient data had yet been collected to fully support this claim. Now, we have empirical evidence, but little has been done to aggregate this information to fully understand its impact on these communities. Utilizing 44 articles from a scoping review of three databases (PubMed, Web of Science, and Business Source Complete), this study seeks to identify the primary work-related risks that help explain Black and Hispanic adults’ disparate COVID-19-related work outcomes (e.g., loss of hours, job disruption, stress). Findings illuminate four primary risks faced by Black and Hispanic workers: (1) being an essential worker, (2) type of work performed, (3) workplace factors; and (4) community and geographic factors. We conclude with policy recommendations that will help inform policy and practice for economic recovery from the pandemic for other marginalized populations.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Black and Hispanic Americans’ Work Outcomes: a Scoping Review

Jason¹,

Wilson²,

Catoe³

et al. 2023

J. Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities

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“…Fifty one percent of beneficiaries with stage 3 CKD were undiagnosed. 41 This poses serious health risks for individuals because those with a late diagnosis have limited options to prevent kidney failure. Clinical practice guidelines suggest a risk-based approach to the evaluation and management of CKD.…”

Section: Diabetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Self-Reported Kidney Disease in Older Adults by Sexual Orientation: Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System Analysis (2014–2019)

Chandra

Hertel

Cahill

et al. 2023

JASN

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Significance Statement Studies discusses CKD disparities by age, race and ethnicity, and socioeconomics. However, despite well-documented disparities in CKD risk factors in LGBT+ adults, limited literature addresses CKD prevalence in this population. This analysis uses Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (2014–2019) data to compare self-reported kidney disease prevalence in LGBT+ older adults (older than 50 years) with their heterosexual peers. Our findings indicate that LGBT+ older adults have higher rates of self-reported kidney disease and a higher incidence of CKD risks including smoking, activity limitations, adverse health outcomes, and limited access to health care, housing, and employment. These results support increasing access to screening for CKD risk factors, providing culturally responsive health care, and addressing societal drivers of vulnerability in older LGBT+ adults. Background Existing research documents disparities in CKD by age, race and ethnicity, and access to health care. However, research on CKD in lesbian, gay, bisexual, and trans (LGBT+) older adults, despite their higher rates of diabetes, heart disease, smoking, and alcohol use, is limited. Methods Pooled data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (2014–2019) for 22,114 LGBT+ adults and 748,963 heterosexuals aged 50 and older were used to estimate the prevalence of self-reported kidney disease. Logistic regressions were used to compare older adults by sexual orientation. Results Older LGBT+ men (adjusted odds ratio=1.3; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.09–1.54) were more likely than their heterosexual counterparts to report kidney disease, after controlling for sociodemographic factors, health behaviors, access to health care, and self-reported coronary heart disease, HIV, and diabetes; LGBT+ men and women also reported higher incidences of known risk factors for CKD. For example, both LGBT+ men (odds ratio [OR]=1.39; [95% CI], 1.26–1.54) and LGBT+ women (OR=1.39; [95% CI], 1.25–1.55) were more likely to be smokers and have a higher incidence of activity limitations, adverse health outcomes, and limited access to health care, housing, and employment. Conclusion These results support increasing access to screenings for CKD risk factors, providing preventative education and culturally responsive and affirming care, and addressing other societal drivers of vulnerability in older LGBT+ adults. The findings also support the value of interventions that address the interaction between CKD risk factors and the social marginalization that older LGBT+ adults experience.

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“…Recent research has began to better understand economic vulnerability for sexual minorities but has been hampered by the availability of high quality data. While some have documented job loss, food insecurity, problems accessing health care, and a decline in mental health for LGBTQ individuals during the pandemic (Drabble & Eliason, 2021 ; Martino et al, 2021 ; McKay et al, 2020 ; Mitchell et al, 2022 ; Moore et al, 2021 ; Raifman et al, 2021 ), findings have so far been limited to either non-random samples or samples without a counterfactual of heterosexual individuals. One exception, to our knowledge, exists.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic Vulnerability of Sexual Minorities: Evidence from the US Household Pulse Survey

Martell

Roncolato

2023

Popul Res Policy Rev

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Despite improvements in the legal and social environment, economic outcomes for LGBTQ individuals suggest a high degree of vulnerability. We use data on over 500,000 individuals collected from July 21, 2021 to May 9, 2022 as part of US Census Bureau’s Household Pulse survey which is the Bureau’s first survey to collect self-reported sexual orientation and gender identity. We use linear probability models to answer several questions related to the economic experience of lesbian, gay and bisexual (LGB) individuals during this time period. We find that lesbian women, bisexual women, and bisexual men were more likely than their heterosexual counterparts to be in a household that experienced pandemic related job loss. Bisexual men were more likely than heterosexual men to have difficulty paying their expenses, experience food insufficiency and experience housing insecurity in the last week. Lesbian and bisexual women were more likely than heterosexual women to report expense difficulty and food insufficiency. The vulnerability we observe may have been exacerbated by the pandemic but appears to be largely due to pre-existing—and likely continuing—inequalities.

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Employment Loss as a Result of COVID-19: a Nationwide Survey at the Onset of COVID-19 in US LGBTQ+ Populations

Cited by 21 publications

References 45 publications

The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Black and Hispanic Americans’ Work Outcomes: a Scoping Review

The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Black and Hispanic Americans’ Work Outcomes: a Scoping Review

Prevalence of Self-Reported Kidney Disease in Older Adults by Sexual Orientation: Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System Analysis (2014–2019)

Economic Vulnerability of Sexual Minorities: Evidence from the US Household Pulse Survey

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