Employing nutraceutical industry by-product, cumin seeds spent, for the adsorption treatment of acid blue 113 dye

Abstract

The aim of this study is to discover the potential use of nutraceutical industrial cumin seed spent (NICUS) as an economical biosorbent for eliminating acid blue 113 (AB113), an azo dye, from water. The study investigates the influence of pH, adsorbent dosage, temperature, particle size, and initial dye concentration on the adsorption of AB113. Various isotherm models and kinetic models were studied. At equilibrium situations, the maximum trial adsorption volume (qe) was found to be 96 mg g−1. The main objective was to determine the suitability of the pseudo-second-order model for describing the kinetics of adsorption. Thermodynamic parameters ΔG0ΔH0ΔS0 revealed that the adsorption process was endothermic and non-spontaneous. The lower value of ΔH0 suggests a physical adsorption process. Analysis using FTIR and SEM spectra confirmed that the NICUS surface effectively adsorbed AB113. NICUS emerges as a promising adsorbent for the efficient deduction of AB113 from aqueous solutions.