Employing ionomer-based membrane pair technology to extract water from brine

Kelsey, Laura; Straus, John; MacCallum, Taber

doi:10.2514/6.2012-3527

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…In system implementation, it is only necessary for the feed side of the membrane to be coated as that is the only side in contact with scalants. NASA is interested in passive systems which leverage existing operations on the space station, and therefore, we chose to evaluate passive scaling of the membranes (without external inputs such as a cross-flow feed pump or a vacuum pump on the permeate side) …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Zwitterionic Copolymers for Anti-Scaling Applications in Simulated Spaceflight Wastewater Scenarios

et al. 2023

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Water reclamation in spaceflight applications, such as those encountered on the International Space Station (ISS), requires complex engineering solutions to ensure maximum water recovery. Current vapor compression distillation (VCD) technologies are effective but produce highly concentrated brines and often cause scaling within a separation system. This work evaluates initial steps toward integrating pervaporation, a membrane separation process, as a brine management strategy for ISS wastewaters. Pervaporation performs separations driven by a chemical potential difference across the membrane created by either a sweep gas or a vacuum pull. Pervaporation membranes, as with most membrane processes, can be subject to scaling. Therefore, this work studies the anti-scaling properties of zwitterions (polymeric molecules with covalently tethered positive and negative ions) coated onto sulfonated pentablock terpolymer block polymer (Nexar) pervaporation membrane surfaces. We report a method for applying zwitterions to the surface of pervaporation membranes and the effect on performance parameters such as flux and scaling resistance. Membranes with zwitterions had up to 53% reduction in permeance but reduced scaling. The highest amount of scaling occurred in the samples exposed to calcium chloride, and uncoated membranes had weight percent increases as high as 1617 ± 241%, whereas zwitterion-coated membranes experienced only about 317 ± 87% weight increase in the presence of the same scalant.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…NASA is interested in passive systems which leverage existing operations on the space station, and therefore, we chose to evaluate passive scaling of the membranes (without external inputs such as a cross-flow feed pump or a vacuum pump on the permeate side). 27 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zwitterionic Copolymers for Anti-Scaling Applications in Simulated Spaceflight Wastewater Scenarios

et al. 2023

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“…Mallinak et al (1987) To put it another way, the compressor draws a vacuum from the evaporator before compressing and condensing the vapor it has drawn. Kelsey, Laura, et al(2021) the feed sea water is sprayed onto the heat bundle's exterior, where it practically produces more vapor as it boils and evaporates.…”

Section: Vapour Compression Distillation (Vcd)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Solar still desalination techniques for the minimization of operational time and cost: a review

2023

Global NEST: The International Journal

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<p>This current, comprehensive study of the literature provides a full review of recent developments in a variety of various kinds of solar stills. This review looks at studies on double-slope, hybrid solar stills, single-slope, with a condenser unit, and other particular types of solar stills. To make the work more relevant to readers, the authors provide a thorough summary of the latest research papers in the area of solar stills in addition to a general overview of the many varieties of solar stills. An overview of the various desalination methods is provided in this review paper. Although there have been notable advancements in desalination techniques, the systems' operational costs have remained high throughout time. With the use of cutting-edge technologies, efforts have been made to reduce the price of producing desalinated water. The cost of producing desalinated water is significantly reduced when solar stills are used for desalination. In this review paper that follows, innovative designs and methods for solar still desalination are being used to increase daily productivity while lowering production costs. Numerous changes were tried to extend the residence time and surface area of water that could evaporate, but these changes did not cause the feed water to remain in the still's basin for an extended period.</p>

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Employing ionomer-based membrane pair technology to extract water from brine

Cited by 2 publications

References 4 publications

Zwitterionic Copolymers for Anti-Scaling Applications in Simulated Spaceflight Wastewater Scenarios

Zwitterionic Copolymers for Anti-Scaling Applications in Simulated Spaceflight Wastewater Scenarios

Solar still desalination techniques for the minimization of operational time and cost: a review

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