Empirical seismic vulnerability assessment of Icelandic buildings affected by the 2000 sequence of earthquakes

Ιωάννου, Ιωάννα; Bessason, Bjarni; Kosmidis, Ioannis; Bjarnason, Jón Örvar; Rossetto, Tiziana

doi:10.1007/s10518-018-0413-x

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(28 reference statements)

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“…The applied local GMPM used in recent local vulnerability assessments [13,16,17] predicts the PGA using three variables, as follows:…”

Section: Seismic Hazards In the Reykjanes Peninsulamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two loss datasets were created and named the 2000 and 2008 datasets. These datasets have, to some extent, been analysed, and advanced empirical vulnerability models have been developed independently for each dataset [13,16,17]. In all these studies, the peak ground acceleration (PGA) has been used as an intensity measure (IM) using a local ground motion prediction model (GMPM) reported in [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Scenario-Based Seismic Risk Assessment for the Reykjavik Capital Area

Bessason,

Rupakhety,

Bjarnason

2023

Buildings

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About two-thirds of the population in Iceland lives in the Reykjavik capital area (RCA), which is close to active volcanoes and seismic zones. In the period 1900–2019, a total of 53 earthquakes of Mw≥5.0 struck in these zones. The two largest events in the Reykjanes Peninsula, Mw6.36 and Mw6.12, occurred in 1929 and 1968, respectively. Both events were less than 20 km from the outskirts of the RCA. Late in the year 2020, the seismicity on the peninsula greatly increased due to magma intrusion and volcanic activity, which has so far resulted in three eruptions, in 2021, 2022, and 2023, and six earthquakes of Mw≥5.0. Based on historical and geological data, the ongoing activity is probably the initial phase of an active period ahead that could continue for many decades, and has the potential to trigger larger earthquakes like those in 1929 and 1968. Further east, in the South Iceland Seismic Zone, two earthquakes of Mw6.52 and 6.44 struck in June 2000, and in May 2008, a Mw6.31 earthquake occurred. In both cases, around 5000 buildings were affected. Insurance loss data from these events have been used to develop empirical vulnerability models for low-rise buildings. In this study, the loss data are used to calibrate seismic vulnerability models in terms of the source-site distance. For a given magnitude scenario, this provides a simpler representation of seismic vulnerability and is useful for emergency planning and disaster management. These models are also used to compute different types of scenario risk maps for the RCA for a repeat of the 1929 earthquake.

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“…The applied local GMPM used in recent local vulnerability assessments [13,16,17] predicts the PGA using three variables, as follows:…”

Section: Seismic Hazards In the Reykjanes Peninsulamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scenario-Based Seismic Risk Assessment for the Reykjavik Capital Area

Bessason,

Rupakhety,

Bjarnason

2023

Buildings

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“…Earthquakes pose significant challenges to urban areas, often resulting in building collapses that can block critical roadways and hamper emergency response efforts, (Cui et al, 2023;Ioannou et al, 2018;Sardi et al, 2019). The literature review aims to explore the existing research on vulnerability and risk indices, with a specific focus on understanding the risks posed by both road crashes due to infrastructure characteristics and building collapse during earthquakes, and their potential impact on road networks (Argyroudis et al, 2015).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Seismic Vulnerability Assessment for the Urban Roadway by Using Interval Valued Fermatean Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process

Yıldırım,

Kavus,

KARACA

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Seismic activity poses significant challenges to urban infrastructure, often resulting in road closures due to the combined effects of damaged buildings and road networks. This study proposes a novel methodological approach to improve the understanding of such vulnerabilities by introducing a comprehensive analysis of the vulnerability index within a fuzzy multi-criteria framework for transport networks by integrating various criteria. The proposed methodology incorporates both quantitative and qualitative factors, providing a holistic view of the complex relationships between damaged buildings, infrastructure and transport networks. To validate the effectiveness of the methodology, a case study is conducted in a highly populated urban area in Istanbul where an earthquake risk is encountered. proposed methodology is applied to this study area and the results are demonstrated and discussed. The results demonstrate the ability of the approach to identify and quantify vulnerabilities within the transport network, aiding in the identification of high-risk areas which will lead to which will lead to necessary mitigation measures mitigation measures. Ultimately, this research contributes to a more resilient urban infrastructure by providing a structured and comprehensive vulnerability analysis that takes into account the complex interactions between damaged buildings, road networks and disaster response mechanisms.

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“…More details on the datasets can be found in Ferreira et al, (2020), Bessason and Bjarnason (2016), and Bessason et al (2014). The loss data from the 2000 events has been used to develop advanced empirical vulnerability models for the total losses, i.e., the sum of both structural and non-structural losses, (Bessason et al 2020;Ioannou et al 2018).…”

Section: Damage Datasetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Structural Earthquake Risk Management for Residential Buildings

Þorvaldsdóttir

Bessason²,

Rupakhety³

2020

Annals of Geophysics

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As buildings become more resilient against structural damage the cost of non-structural damage and their consequences becomes proportionally higher, giving non-structural damage greater importance in earthquake risk reduction. Providing residents with detailed guidance on how to evaluate their risk regarding non-structural earthquake damage, and what mitigation and preparedness options they have, can increase both home and societal earthquake resiliency. Earthquake damage data from destructive earthquakes in south Iceland in 2000 and 2008 were used to develop simple but detailed twelve-step risk-management guidelines for residents. The guidelines are based on a set of disaster-related objectives. A standard loss estimation study was used to develop guidelines for the fixed non-structural elements and photographs from inside homes that had sustained significant non-structural damage were used to develop guidelines for loose items. Virtually every item in the studied homes was considered to understand its importance and its relevance to the function of a home. Information in terms of financial, functional and emotional value were used in the guidelines to help residents decide which mitigation options to take. The photos provided valuable information by placing each item in context with its surroundings, for example, to understand the possibility of motion and consequences to other items. The proposed approach, although based on observations from residential buildings, is useful for facilities that have sensitive operations, such as offices, industrial facilities, hospitals and government services. As societies become more complex and reliant on non-structural elements, systematic and thorough studies such as the one outlined herein become an increasingly critical part of sound earthquake risk management.

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Empirical seismic vulnerability assessment of Icelandic buildings affected by the 2000 sequence of earthquakes

Cited by 8 publications

References 20 publications

Scenario-Based Seismic Risk Assessment for the Reykjavik Capital Area

Scenario-Based Seismic Risk Assessment for the Reykjavik Capital Area

A Novel Seismic Vulnerability Assessment for the Urban Roadway by Using Interval Valued Fermatean Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process

Non-Structural Earthquake Risk Management for Residential Buildings

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