Empirical Research on Déjà Vu Experiences: A Review

Sno, Herman N.; Schalken, H. F. A.; Jonghe, Frans de

doi:10.1155/1992/521484

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Although, empirical research on the déjà vu experience is scanty and the results have been far from conclusive [49], this result may be read as interesting. In fact, a study on déjà vu experiences and depersonalization in a sample of students reported that emotional sensitivity, unstable mood fluctuations, apathetic episodes and irregular working rhythm emerged as predisposing personality traits for déjà vu experience [50].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Alexithymia, Depression, Trait-anxiety and Their Relation to Self-reported Retrospective Dream Experience

Montebarocci¹,

Giovagnoli²

2019

AJAP

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The present research explored the relationship between alexithymia, self-reported depression and trait anxiety and dreaming experience in a non-clinical sample. Characteristics of the alexithymia trait, such as the deficit in the symbolic representation of emotions and the limited imaginative ability, can have an impact on the richness and quality of dream experience. Depression and trait anxiety are both reported to be related to alexithymia and dreaming. A group of 30 non-clinical subjects (20 females) participated in the study. Alexithymia was assessed with the Toronto Structured Interview for Alexithymia (TSIA), an observer-report instrument composed of 24 questions that assesses a general subjective level of alexithymia and 4 dimensions of alexithymia: Identifying emotional feelings (DIF), Describing emotional feelings (DDF), Imaginal Processes (IMP); and Externally oriented thinking (EOT). The subjective dreaming experience was assessed with the Mannheim Dream Questionnaire (MADRE), an instrument that was designed to elicit some form of dream history including dream recall frequency, use and correlates of dream, attitude towards dream and presence of different kinds of dreams experience, such as nightmares, lucid dreams, and déjà-vu. The BDI-2 and the STAI-Y2 were administered to evaluate negative affect. Two multivariate multiple regression analysis were carried on. Results showed that alexithymia was related to dream correlates and to attitude towards dream. Trait anxiety was found to be related to nightmares frequency and self-reported depression to déjà-vu event. In the future, it would be interesting to use a larger and more representative sample. The use of clinical population, such as nightmare sufferers or patients with sleep and/or mental disorders, could possibly disclosure further meaningful relationships among affect dysregulation, affect modulation and self-reported retrospective dream characteristics.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Alexithymia, Depression, Trait-anxiety and Their Relation to Self-reported Retrospective Dream Experience

Montebarocci¹,

Giovagnoli²

2019

AJAP

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“…Two groups of individuals traditionally have been identified as having an atypically high incidence of de ´ja `vu experiences: TLEs and people with schizophrenia. In the case of schizophrenia, attempts have been made to link the de ´ja `vu experience to psychopathology (Cutting & Silzer, 1990;Sno, Schalken, & de Jonghe, 1992), but it is difficult to determine whether the experience of people in this subgroup is similar to that of individuals lacking such pathology. Neppe (1983e) suggested that de ´ja `vu among people with schizophrenia may be of much longer duration (hours, not seconds) and associated with intense depersonalization, making it qualitatively different from that experienced by nonclinical individuals.…”

Section: Case Reportsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Harper, 1969). Sno, Schalken, and de Jonghe (1992) suggested that there is a continuum of de ´ja `vu, ranging from brief and fleeting in those without to chronic and prolonged in those with schizophrenia. Taking a more general look at de ´ja `vu and psychopathology, M. A.…”

Section: Psychopathologymentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of the déjà vu experience.

Brown¹

2003

Psychological Bulletin

142

114

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For more than a century, the déjà vu experience has been examined through retrospective surveys, prospective surveys, and case studies. About 60% of the population has experienced déjà vu, and its frequency decreases with age. Déjà vu appears to be associated with stress and fatigue, and it shows a positive relationship with socioeconomic level and education. Scientific explanations of déjà vu fall into 4 categories: dual processing (2 cognitive processes momentarily out of synchrony), neurological (seizure, disruption in neuronal transmission), memory (implicit familiarity of unrecognized stimuli),and attentional (unattended perception followed by attended perception). Systematic research is needed on the prevalence and etiology of this culturally familiar cognitive experience, and several laboratory models may help clarify this illusion of recognition.

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“…To Sno, déjà vu happens when some detail in the environment we are currently in (a sight, sound, smell, et cetera) is similar to some remnant of a memory of our past and our brain recreates an entire scene from that fragment. 56,112,[124][125][126][127] Again, this is essentially the idea of red integration and again this is just one of the possible 72 proposed mechanisms.…”

Section: Sno's Holographic Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, recent work, including that of Brown, Ito, Kusumi, 59 Sno and Wolfradt, has demonstrated a link of previous memories at times. 58,[108][109][110][111][112][113] And in the past, the work of Heymans and Banister supported this. 21,89,90,[113][114][115] Thus, there may even be more support for the term.…”

Section: By Far the Most Pertinent And Common Type Of Déjà Vu Is 'Ass...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding Déjà vu: Explanations, Mechanisms and the ‘normal’ kind of déjà vu (Part 2)

Neppe¹

2015

JPCPY

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To understand the variability of the explanations, we should remember that until 1979, a major research and classification problem was the inconsistency in eliciting déjà vu: Consequently, data interpretation became difficult. At that time, there were only the 11 kinds of déjà experiences described earlier in this series, such as, déjà fait-already done, déjà pensé-already thought and déjà racontéalready told. 1 Paradoxes abounded at that point: Déjà vu occurred at least once in the lifetimes of two-thirds of ostensibly "normal" individuals: 2,3 yet in medical schools, it was taught routinely that déjà vu was a symptom in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). 4 It was also reported in 'subjective psi experients' who often would supply intense descriptions. 5 Additionally, Neppe raised the question: was there a special kind of déjà vu in psychotics? 2 The time was ripe to examine whether déjà vu was a single phenomenon or phenomenologically distinct in these populations, and, if so, in what way.

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Empirical Research on Déjà Vu Experiences: A Review

Cited by 7 publications

References 6 publications

Alexithymia, Depression, Trait-anxiety and Their Relation to Self-reported Retrospective Dream Experience

Alexithymia, Depression, Trait-anxiety and Their Relation to Self-reported Retrospective Dream Experience

A review of the déjà vu experience.

Understanding Déjà vu: Explanations, Mechanisms and the ‘normal’ kind of déjà vu (Part 2)

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