Empirical models for scaling Fourier amplitude spectra of strong ground acceleration in terms of earthquake magnitude source to station distance, site intensity and recording site conditions

Trifunac, Mihailo D.; Lee, V.W.

doi:10.1016/s0267-7261(89)80007-7

Cited by 62 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The structure of the variance of Fourier ordinates has not received the same amount of attention. While some empirical models for Fourier spectral ordinates have been proposed sporadically over recent decades (e.g., Trifunac, 1976;Atkinson and Mereu, 1992;Stafford et al, 2006;Bora et al, 2014Bora et al, , 2015, these models have only considered the marginal variance of the Fourier ordinates at each considered frequency. In addition, during the course of developing these models, different approaches to processing and smoothing of the observed ordinates directly impacted upon the estimates of the standard deviations.…”

Section: Development Of the New Correlation Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interfrequency Correlations among Fourier Spectral Ordinates and Implications for Stochastic Ground‐Motion Simulation

Stafford

2017

Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America

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Models for the interfrequency correlations among Fourier spectral ordinates and variances of these ordinates are presented. These covariances among Fourier spectral ordinates can be used to generate accelerograms within a stochastic simulation framework that offer improvements over traditional approaches that make use of deterministic Fourier amplitude spectra combined with a random phase spectrum. The article demonstrates that the accelerograms generated in this new way result in response spectral ordinates that have variances that are very consistent with those predicted by empirical ground-motion models. In addition, the interperiod correlations among response spectral ordinates obtained from the simulated motions are also consistent with empirically derived response spectral correlations. The study partitions the variance among Fourier spectral ordinates into between-event, between-site and within-event components, and interfrequency correlation models, and variance models are derived for each component. The between-event correlations are found to exhibit a mild degree of magnitude dependence. An important feature of the new correlation and variance models is that they can be used to generate accelerograms that are broadly consistent with conditional response spectra. This new approach has significant implications for response-history analyses within earthquake engineering that make use of conditional spectra as a target.

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Section: Development Of the New Correlation Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The second option is to define the model on a frequencyby-frequency basis using an empirical regression (e.g., Trifunac, 1976;Stafford et al, 2006;Bora et al, 2014Bora et al, , 2015. The functional form of the model used here was deliberately simple and has the following form:…”

Section: Development Of the New Correlation Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interfrequency Correlations among Fourier Spectral Ordinates and Implications for Stochastic Ground‐Motion Simulation

Stafford

2017

Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America

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“…The "rst one is based on statistical analysis of empirical data to estimate an equation of regression [4,6,7,9,12,17]. A large number of frequency-dependent regression coe$cients of the equation should be determined.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Empirical model for estimating Fourier amplitude spectra of ground acceleration in Taiwan region

Sokolov

Loh

Wen

2000

Earthquake Engng. Struct. Dyn.

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SUMMARYA collection of ground-motion recordings (1070 acceleration records) of moderate (5.1)M * )6.5) earthquakes obtained during the execution of the Taiwan Strong Motion Instrumentation Program (TSMIP) since 1991 was used to study source scaling model and attenuation relations for a wide range of earthquake magnitudes and distances and to verify the models developed recently for the Taiwan region. The results of the analysis reveal that the acceleration spectra of the most signi"cant part of the records, starting from S-wave arrival, can be modelled accurately using the Brune's -squared source model with magnitudedependent stress parameter , that should be determined using the recently proposed regional relationships between magnitude (M * ) and seismic moment (M ) and between M and . The anelastic attenuation Q of spectral amplitudes with distance may be described as Q"225 f both for deep (depth more than 35 km) and shallow earthquakes. The source scaling and attenuation models allow a satisfactory prediction of the peak ground acceleration for magnitudes 5.1)M)6.5 and distances up to about 200 km in the Taiwan region, and may be useful for seismic hazard assessment.

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“…The classical response spectrum may not provide sufficient seismic protection, particularly for high frequency (stiff ) structures, with moderate and large horizontal dimensions, supported by individual column foundations, on softer soils. Equation (5) in this paper represents an averaging filter, and the degree to which it filters the incident motions is related to the separation distance between the end columns (¸in Figure 2). Excitation of our structural model by synchronous motion u (t), along with quasi static forces in the columns, does lead to frequency intervals where the overall response is reduced significantly.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response Spectra for Differential Motion of Columns

Trifunac

Todorovska

1997

Earthquake Engng. Struct. Dyn.

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SUMMARYThe validity of the response spectrum concept for determining loads in structures excited by differential earthquake ground motion is examined. It is shown that the common definition of response spectrum for synchronous ground motion can be reconciled to remain valid in cases when the columns of extended structures experience different motions. Then, a relative displacement response spectrum for design of first-storey columns, SDC(¹, , , ), is defined. In addition to natural period, ¹, and fraction of critical damping, , this spectrum depends also on the 'travel time', (of the waves in the soil over distances about one half width, or length of the structure), and on a factor, , specifying the relative displacement of the first floor. It is shown how this spectrum can be determined using existing empirical scaling equations for relative displacement spectra SD(¹, ) and for peak velocity and peak acceleration of strong ground motion. These new spectra are illustrated for a horizontal component of a record in the near field of the 1994 Northridge earthquake. The results show that differential motions are more important for short period (stiff ) than for longer period (flexible) structures, and for structures founded on softer ground (small shear wave velocity).

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Empirical models for scaling Fourier amplitude spectra of strong ground acceleration in terms of earthquake magnitude source to station distance, site intensity and recording site conditions

Cited by 62 publications

References 2 publications

Interfrequency Correlations among Fourier Spectral Ordinates and Implications for Stochastic Ground‐Motion Simulation

Interfrequency Correlations among Fourier Spectral Ordinates and Implications for Stochastic Ground‐Motion Simulation

Empirical model for estimating Fourier amplitude spectra of ground acceleration in Taiwan region

Response Spectra for Differential Motion of Columns

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